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[中央人民廣播之聲和央廣網(wǎng)記者]總理，您好。我的問(wèn)題是關(guān)于霧霾天氣?，F(xiàn)在我們看到老百姓對(duì)霧霾的抱怨越來(lái)越多。我們也注意到，您在政府工作報(bào)告中對(duì)此用了“宣戰(zhàn)”這個(gè)詞，這在以往是沒(méi)有的。請(qǐng)問(wèn)總理，“宣戰(zhàn)”到底意味著什么？

China National Radio: There has been growing public complaint about smog. In your government work report, you said the government will declare war against pollution. I wish to ask you what do you mean by that?

[李克強(qiáng)]我說(shuō)要向霧霾等污染宣戰(zhàn)，這是因?yàn)檫@是社會(huì)關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)問(wèn)題。許多人早晨一起來(lái)，就打開(kāi)手機(jī)查看PM2.5的數(shù)值，這已經(jīng)成為重大的民生問(wèn)題。我們說(shuō)要向霧霾等污染宣戰(zhàn)，可不是說(shuō)向老天爺宣戰(zhàn)，而是要向我們自身粗放的生產(chǎn)和生活方式來(lái)宣戰(zhàn)。我們?nèi)ツ瓿雠_(tái)了國(guó)務(wù)院治理大氣污染的十條措施，在161個(gè)城市進(jìn)行PM2.5數(shù)值的監(jiān)測(cè)，這在發(fā)展中國(guó)家是最多的。這不僅是要讓人民群眾提高自身防護(hù)的意識(shí)，更是給政府增加責(zé)任。今年我們主動(dòng)加壓，加大降耗力度，也就是確定能源消耗強(qiáng)度要下降3.9%，而去年實(shí)際完成是下降3.7%，這意味著要減少2.2億噸煤炭消耗。

Li Keqiang: I said the government will declare war against smog and pollution as a whole, because this has become a serious issue on the top of the minds of our people. For many people, the first thing they do after getting up in the morning is to check the PM2.5 figure for the day. This has become a major issue that concerns our people’s lives. To declare war against smog and other pollution doesn’t mean that we are declaring war against Nature. Rather, what we mean is that we are going to declare war against our own inefficient and unsustainable model of growth and way of life. Last year, the State Council issued a ten-point plan of action on the prevention and control of air pollution. We now conduct PM2.5 monitoring in 161 cities across the country, which is the most extensive scope among all developing countries. This is not just a reminder for our people to take precautionary measures, but also placing additional responsibility on the shoulder of the government. This year we will take further measures. For example, we have set the target of cutting energy intensity by 3.9% on top of the 3.7% reduction we achieved last year. This is equivalent to cutting coal burning by 220 million tons.

對(duì)包括霧霾在內(nèi)的污染宣戰(zhàn)，就要鐵腕治污加鐵規(guī)治污，對(duì)那些違法偷排、傷天害人的行為，政府絕不手軟，要堅(jiān)決予以懲處。對(duì)那些熟視無(wú)睹、監(jiān)管不到位的監(jiān)管者要嚴(yán)肅追查責(zé)任。當(dāng)然，霧霾的形成有復(fù)雜的原因，治理也是一個(gè)長(zhǎng)期的過(guò)程。但是我們不能等風(fēng)盼雨，還是要主動(dòng)出擊，希望全社會(huì)，政府、企業(yè)、社會(huì)成員，大家一起努力，持續(xù)不懈地奮斗，來(lái)打這場(chǎng)攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)。謝謝。

In fighting pollution, we need both tough measures and tough regulations. The government will severely punish those illegal emitting activities which harm both nature and human health. And those overseeing agencies which turn a blind eye to polluting activities and fail to perform their overseeing duties will be held accountable. There are complex causes for smog and to tackle this problem will take a long time. But we cannot sit here and wait for wind or rain to drive smog away. We have to take action ourselves. I hope that the government, the businesses and each and every individual of the society will act together and make persistent efforts to win this tough battle against smog. It’s almost time for lunch, but the moderator hopes that I take two more questions. Would you like that? Fine, I’m happy to oblige.

快到吃飯時(shí)間了，但是主持人希望再問(wèn)兩個(gè)問(wèn)題，大家愿意嗎？那好吧，我服從公眾。

It’s almost time for lunch, but the moderator hopes that I take two more questions. Would you like that? Fine, I’m happy to oblige.

[荷蘭國(guó)際新聞電視臺(tái)記者]去年您訪問(wèn)了多個(gè)歐洲國(guó)家，您親自介入了解決中歐之間關(guān)于光伏產(chǎn)品的貿(mào)易糾紛，同時(shí)訪問(wèn)期間，您還親自推介中國(guó)的核電以及高鐵裝備。請(qǐng)問(wèn)您希望如何解決中國(guó)企業(yè)進(jìn)入歐洲市場(chǎng)方面存在的一些障礙？同時(shí)中國(guó)政府將采取什么措施來(lái)解決歐洲方面對(duì)歐洲公司進(jìn)入中國(guó)市場(chǎng)的關(guān)切？

RTL 4: Premier Li, you went to Europe last year to solve the solar panel dispute and also to promote Chinese nuclear power equipments and Chinese high-speed rail. I’d like to know your thoughts on what kind of obstacles you think should be removed for Chinese companies who want to do business in Europe. And in return, how will you address the European concerns about market access to China?

[李克強(qiáng)]推介中國(guó)的產(chǎn)品，維護(hù)中國(guó)企業(yè)在海外的正當(dāng)權(quán)益，這是作為中國(guó)總理份內(nèi)的事。我去年訪問(wèn)中東歐的時(shí)候，曾經(jīng)跟他們的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人說(shuō)，如果你要建高鐵、核電，在同等質(zhì)量下，用中國(guó)的裝備可能是建設(shè)最快、成本最低的，我有這個(gè)底氣。中國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)要升級(jí)，出口產(chǎn)品也要升級(jí)，我們不能總是賣(mài)鞋襪、衣帽、玩具，當(dāng)然這也需要，但中國(guó)裝備走出去可以在世界市場(chǎng)上接受競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的檢驗(yàn)，提質(zhì)升級(jí)。而且這樣做也有利于各方，因?yàn)槲覀冄b備的很多零件是全球采購(gòu)的，一些技術(shù)也是購(gòu)買(mǎi)來(lái)的，中歐和相關(guān)方面，就裝備走出去進(jìn)行合作可以實(shí)現(xiàn)互利共贏。

Li Keqiang: To promote Chinese products and safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of Chinese companies overseas is part of my job as Chinese Premier. During my visit to central and eastern Europe last year, I once said to leaders of these countries that of all the high-speed railways and nuclear power plants of the same quality, the Chinese companies can deliver in the fastest way and at the lowest cost. I have such confidence. In upgrading the Chinese economy, we also need to upgrade Chinese exports. We cannot just export toys, apparel or shoes, although they are also necessary. We also need to export Chinese equipment to help Chinese equipment raise its competitiveness as they are tested on the international market. This is also a win-win situation, as among exports of Chinese equipment, many components and parts are sourced globally and some technologies are introduced from overseas. So this brings benefits to all.

不過(guò)我還想通過(guò)各位向中國(guó)企業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)達(dá)一句話：你們可是要盡力啊，我們對(duì)中國(guó)裝備質(zhì)量等做了承諾，可不要讓這個(gè)承諾落空啊。請(qǐng)中外記者給予監(jiān)督。至于你說(shuō)到去年的光伏案，中歐作為最大的貿(mào)易伙伴，規(guī)模很大，摩擦難免發(fā)生，但是只要我們相互尊重，妥善地協(xié)商，是可以解決問(wèn)題的。像最后光伏案的解決，可以說(shuō)是成功的案例。我可不希望因?yàn)閭€(gè)案，而且比例很小，來(lái)丟掉“中歐是最大貿(mào)易伙伴”的帽子。說(shuō)到中歐關(guān)系，我還要說(shuō)，中歐都主張世界多極化，也主張投資便利化。中歐企業(yè)相互進(jìn)入、相互投資，這是大趨勢(shì)。我們現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行中歐投資協(xié)定談判，相信在中歐投資協(xié)定談判的進(jìn)程當(dāng)中，只要我們對(duì)等、公平、便利地推進(jìn)，為企業(yè)創(chuàng)造條件，中歐的相互投資額會(huì)不斷地攀升，經(jīng)濟(jì)的融合度也會(huì)不斷地加深。謝謝。

Here through you, I wish to convey a message to the Chinese companies. That is: you need to do your best. We have given our word for the quality of Chinese equipment. I hope you will not prove us wrong, and the Chinese and foreign journalists can supervise. You mentioned the trade dispute over photovoltaic products last year. China and the EU are each other’s largest trading partners. It is only natural that there will be some trade frictions between them given the large size of their trade. But as long as the two sides respect each other and engage in proper consultations, problems can be solved. And settlement of last year’s photovoltaic products case is a success story. I don’t want to see that one loses the status of “biggest trading partner” because of those individual cases which account for only a very small percentage of the two-way trade. Talking about China-EU relations, I want to say that both China and the EU are strong advocates of a multi-polar world and investment facilitation. I believe it is an irresistible trend for Chinese and European companies to enter into each other’s markets and make mutual investment. The two sides are now negotiating an investment treaty. I believe that as long as the two sides conduct the negotiation in a fair, reciprocal and facilitating way and create conditions for companies of both sides, there will be even greater mutual investment and deeper economic integration between China and Europe.

[中國(guó)國(guó)際廣播之聲和國(guó)際在線網(wǎng)記者]總理，您好。最近網(wǎng)上民調(diào)顯示，社會(huì)保障是網(wǎng)民關(guān)注的熱點(diǎn)之一。去年您就提出要打造民生保障的安全網(wǎng)。請(qǐng)問(wèn)總理，在這方面有哪些進(jìn)展和新的打算？謝謝。

China Radio International: A recent opinion poll shows that social security is one of the hot topics among Chinese netizens. Last year, you said that China will build a social safety net to improve people’s livelihood. How has this been progressing and is there any new plan in this regard?

[李克強(qiáng)]社會(huì)關(guān)注的熱點(diǎn)問(wèn)題，尤其是民生問(wèn)題，應(yīng)該是政府工作的重點(diǎn)。今年要著重繼續(xù)做三件事，就是保基本、兜底線、促公平。第一是?；?。也就是說(shuō)要在義務(wù)教育、基本醫(yī)療、基本養(yǎng)老、住房等諸多方面來(lái)構(gòu)建一個(gè)完整的社會(huì)保障安全網(wǎng)。我們現(xiàn)在基本醫(yī)保已經(jīng)總體覆蓋全民了，基本養(yǎng)老的參與人數(shù)也超過(guò)8億人。但是群眾還有反映，比如接續(xù)難、轉(zhuǎn)移難這些問(wèn)題，我們要繼續(xù)鞏固和擴(kuò)大這些基本的社會(huì)保障。今年適當(dāng)時(shí)候要提高基本養(yǎng)老金的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，而且要解決或者說(shuō)逐步解決碎片化的問(wèn)題，整合城鄉(xiāng)醫(yī)保，推進(jìn)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)并軌，構(gòu)建統(tǒng)籌城鄉(xiāng)的社會(huì)保障網(wǎng)。

Li Keqiang: Topics of high concern to the people, in particular those related to people’s livelihood, represent priorities on the government work agenda. This year, we have three major tasks. Namely, we need to meet people’s basic living needs. We need to provide a last resort for people to fall back on in case of special difficulty. And we need to promote social fairness. First, we need to ensure people’s basic living needs. We will build a comprehensive social safety net covering, among others, compulsory education, medical care, old-age support and housing. Our basic medical insurance schemes have achieved full coverage. Now basic old-age insurance schemes cover more than 800 million people. We need to make them truly portable and transferable, and further expand their coverage. We will raise the basic pension benefits at an appropriate time this year, and tackle the problem of fragmentation in due course. That is to say, we need to further integrate old-age and medical insurance schemes in urban and rural areas to put in place an integrated social safety net for the entire population.

第二是兜底線。因?yàn)閲?guó)力所限，我們基本保障的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)還是低水平的，總會(huì)有一部分人因病、因?yàn)?zāi)等特殊原因陷入生活的窘境，基本保障兜不住，還要進(jìn)行社會(huì)救助。我們絕不能讓無(wú)家可歸、因貧棄醫(yī)等現(xiàn)象頻發(fā)。將心比心啊，政府工作人員應(yīng)該以百姓之心為心。所以前不久我們出臺(tái)了新的社會(huì)救助管理辦法，就是要讓這些特殊困難群眾求助有門(mén)。第三是促公平。我們?；尽⒍档拙€，還是要為了解除人民群眾就業(yè)、創(chuàng)業(yè)的后顧之憂(yōu)，還是要采取措施，尤其在一些領(lǐng)域要有更有效的辦法，讓就業(yè)、求職機(jī)會(huì)公平，讓創(chuàng)業(yè)有公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的環(huán)境，特別要注重起點(diǎn)公平，也就是教育公平。我們要繼續(xù)增加農(nóng)村貧困地區(qū)的學(xué)生上重點(diǎn)高校的人數(shù)，今年要增加10%以上，并且要加大農(nóng)村貧困地區(qū)薄弱學(xué)校改造的力度。政府就是應(yīng)該創(chuàng)造條件，讓每個(gè)人都通過(guò)自己的奮斗有公平發(fā)展的機(jī)會(huì)，我們要把公正貫徹到社會(huì)的最底層。謝謝。

Second, we need to provide a last resort for people to fall back on in time of special difficulty. As China is still a developing country, our basic welfare benefits are still quite low. But there are these people in the society who run into special difficulty because of serious illnesses or sudden disasters. In such circumstances, basic welfare benefits are no longer enough. They are in need of social assistance. The government must prevent frequent occurrence of such instances in which people become homeless or have to give up seeking medical treatment because they cannot afford it. Just imagine what if such situation happens to ourselves. All government employees must always put such special needs of the people on top of their mind. Therefore, not long ago, we introduced new methods on providing social aid to ensure that people who run into special difficulty will have somewhere to turn to. Third, we need to promote social fairness. The above-mentioned two major tasks are designed to ensure that our people won’t have any worries in seeking employment and starting one’s own business. The government needs to take more effective steps to ensure equal opportunities in finding jobs and level the playing field for people to start their own businesses. The government needs to pay particular attention to ensuring fairness at the starting point, namely, fairness in education. This year we will raise the proportion of rural students from poor areas enrolled in key colleges and universities by over 10%. We will also further improve those poorly-built and low-performing schools in poor rural areas. In a word, the government needs to create conditions to ensure that each and every individual will have an equal shot at a better life through hard work and that fairness and justice are truly realized even at the most primary level of the society. Thank you.

[李克強(qiáng)]主持人說(shuō)到吃午飯的時(shí)間了。中國(guó)人說(shuō)民以食為天。所謂民是眾的意思，你們的肚子加起來(lái)遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過(guò)我一個(gè)人，還是要讓大家不能挨餓。謝謝你們參與關(guān)注今天的記者會(huì)，也謝謝一些記者的提問(wèn)，謝謝大家。

Li Keqiang: The moderator indicates to me that it’s already lunch time. The Chinese people see food as an overriding priority. With so many people at the press conference, I hate to stand between you and your lunch. Thank you for coming to today’s press conference, and thank you for your questions. Thank you all.

記者會(huì)結(jié)束后，李克強(qiáng)總理站起來(lái)將要離開(kāi)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)時(shí)，又回答了兩位記者的追問(wèn)。在回答記者關(guān)于中央是否還會(huì)有惠港政策的問(wèn)題時(shí)，李克強(qiáng)說(shuō)，凡是有利于香港繁榮發(fā)展的事，我們都會(huì)去做，過(guò)去是這樣，今后還會(huì)是這樣。

After the press conference, as he stood up to leave, Premier Li Keqiang answered questions from two more journalists. When asked whether the central government will introduce more favorable policies for Hong Kong, Premier Li Keqiang said, we will do anything that contributes to the prosperity of Hong Kong. We did so in the past and will continue to do in the future.

（中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)網(wǎng)英語(yǔ)點(diǎn)津 Helen 編輯）

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