國(guó)家主席習(xí)近平18日晚應(yīng)約同美國(guó)總統(tǒng)拜登視頻通話。兩國(guó)元首就中美關(guān)系和烏克蘭局勢(shì)等共同關(guān)心的問(wèn)題坦誠(chéng)深入交換了意見(jiàn)。

拜登表示，50年前，美中兩國(guó)作出重要抉擇，發(fā)表了“上海公報(bào)”。50年后的今天，美中關(guān)系再次處于關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻，美中關(guān)系如何發(fā)展將塑造21世紀(jì)的世界格局。我愿重申：美國(guó)不尋求同中國(guó)打“新冷戰(zhàn)”，不尋求改變中國(guó)體制，不尋求通過(guò)強(qiáng)化同盟關(guān)系反對(duì)中國(guó)，不支持“臺(tái)獨(dú)”，無(wú)意同中國(guó)發(fā)生沖突。美方愿同中方坦誠(chéng)對(duì)話，加強(qiáng)合作，堅(jiān)持一個(gè)中國(guó)政策，有效管控好競(jìng)爭(zhēng)和分歧，推動(dòng)美中關(guān)系穩(wěn)定發(fā)展。我愿同習(xí)近平主席保持密切溝通，為美中關(guān)系把舵定向。

習(xí)近平指出，去年11月我們首次“云會(huì)晤”以來(lái)，國(guó)際形勢(shì)發(fā)生了新的重大變化。和平與發(fā)展的時(shí)代主題面臨嚴(yán)峻挑戰(zhàn)，世界既不太平也不安寧。作為聯(lián)合國(guó)安理會(huì)常任理事國(guó)和世界前兩大經(jīng)濟(jì)體，我們不僅要引領(lǐng)中美關(guān)系沿著正確軌道向前發(fā)展，而且要承擔(dān)應(yīng)盡的國(guó)際責(zé)任，為世界的和平與安寧作出努力。

習(xí)近平強(qiáng)調(diào)，我和總統(tǒng)先生都贊同中美要相互尊重、和平共處、避免對(duì)抗，都同意雙方在各層級(jí)各領(lǐng)域要加強(qiáng)溝通對(duì)話?？偨y(tǒng)先生剛才又重申，美方不尋求打“新冷戰(zhàn)”，不尋求改變中國(guó)體制，不尋求通過(guò)強(qiáng)化同盟關(guān)系反對(duì)中國(guó)，不支持“臺(tái)獨(dú)”，無(wú)意同中國(guó)發(fā)生沖突。對(duì)于你的這些表態(tài)，我是十分重視的。

習(xí)近平指出，目前，中美關(guān)系還沒(méi)有走出美國(guó)上一屆政府制造的困境，反而遭遇了越來(lái)越多的挑戰(zhàn)。特別是美國(guó)一些人向“臺(tái)獨(dú)”勢(shì)力發(fā)出錯(cuò)誤信號(hào)，這是十分危險(xiǎn)的。臺(tái)灣問(wèn)題如果處理不好，將會(huì)對(duì)兩國(guó)關(guān)系造成顛覆性影響。希望美方予以足夠重視。中美關(guān)系之所以出現(xiàn)目前的局面，直接原因是，美方一些人沒(méi)有落實(shí)我們兩人達(dá)成的重要共識(shí)，也沒(méi)有把總統(tǒng)先生的積極表態(tài)落到實(shí)處。美方對(duì)中方的戰(zhàn)略意圖作出了誤讀誤判。

習(xí)近平強(qiáng)調(diào)，中美過(guò)去和現(xiàn)在都有分歧，將來(lái)還會(huì)有分歧。關(guān)鍵是管控好分歧。一個(gè)穩(wěn)定發(fā)展的中美關(guān)系，對(duì)雙方都是有利的。

雙方就當(dāng)前烏克蘭局勢(shì)交換意見(jiàn)。

拜登介紹了美方的立場(chǎng)，表示愿同中方溝通，防止事態(tài)升級(jí)。

習(xí)近平指出，烏克蘭局勢(shì)發(fā)展到這個(gè)地步，是中方不愿看到的。中方歷來(lái)主張和平，反對(duì)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，這是中國(guó)歷史文化傳統(tǒng)。我們向來(lái)從事情本身的是非曲直出發(fā)，獨(dú)立自主作出判斷，倡導(dǎo)維護(hù)國(guó)際法和公認(rèn)的國(guó)際關(guān)系基本準(zhǔn)則，堅(jiān)持按照聯(lián)合國(guó)憲章辦事，主張共同、綜合、合作、可持續(xù)的安全觀。這些大的原則是中方處理烏克蘭危機(jī)的立足點(diǎn)。中方已經(jīng)提出了關(guān)于烏克蘭人道主義局勢(shì)的六點(diǎn)倡議，愿向?yàn)蹩颂m和受影響的其他國(guó)家進(jìn)一步提供人道主義援助。各方應(yīng)該共同支持俄烏對(duì)話談判，談出結(jié)果、談出和平。美國(guó)和北約也應(yīng)該同俄羅斯開(kāi)展對(duì)話，解開(kāi)烏克蘭危機(jī)的背后癥結(jié)，化解俄烏雙方的安全憂慮。

習(xí)近平強(qiáng)調(diào)，當(dāng)前，世界各國(guó)已經(jīng)十分困難了，既要應(yīng)對(duì)新冠肺炎疫情，又要保經(jīng)濟(jì)保民生。作為大國(guó)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人，我們要考慮妥善解決全球熱點(diǎn)問(wèn)題，更要考慮全球穩(wěn)定和幾十億人民的生產(chǎn)生活。實(shí)施全方位、無(wú)差別制裁，受罪的還是老百姓。如果進(jìn)一步升級(jí)，還會(huì)引發(fā)全球經(jīng)貿(mào)、金融、能源、糧食、產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈供應(yīng)鏈等發(fā)生嚴(yán)重危機(jī)，使本已困難的世界經(jīng)濟(jì)雪上加霜，造成不可挽回的損失。形勢(shì)越是復(fù)雜，越需要保持冷靜和理性。任何情況下都要拿出政治勇氣，為和平創(chuàng)造空間，為政治解決留有余地。中國(guó)有兩句老話，一句是“一個(gè)巴掌拍不響”，另一句是“解鈴還須系鈴人”。關(guān)鍵是當(dāng)事方要展現(xiàn)政治意愿，著眼當(dāng)下，面向未來(lái)，找到妥善解決辦法，其他方面可以也應(yīng)當(dāng)為此創(chuàng)造條件。當(dāng)務(wù)之急是繼續(xù)對(duì)話談判，避免平民傷亡，防止出現(xiàn)人道主義危機(jī)，早日?；鹬箲?zhàn)。長(zhǎng)久之道在于大國(guó)相互尊重、摒棄冷戰(zhàn)思維、不搞陣營(yíng)對(duì)抗，逐步構(gòu)建均衡、有效、可持續(xù)的全球和地區(qū)安全架構(gòu)。中國(guó)一直在為和平盡力，將繼續(xù)發(fā)揮建設(shè)性作用。

兩國(guó)元首認(rèn)為，此次視頻通話是建設(shè)性的，責(zé)成兩國(guó)工作團(tuán)隊(duì)及時(shí)跟進(jìn)，采取實(shí)際行動(dòng)，爭(zhēng)取中美關(guān)系重返穩(wěn)定發(fā)展的軌道，為妥善解決烏克蘭危機(jī)作出各自的努力。

丁薛祥、劉鶴、王毅等參加上述活動(dòng)。

Xi has candid, in-depth exchange of views with Biden

Chinese President Xi Jinping had a video call with U.S. President Joe Biden at the request of the latter on Friday. The two Presidents had a candid and in-depth exchange of views on China-U.S. relations, the situation in Ukraine, and other issues of mutual interest.

President Biden said that 50 years ago, the United States and China made the important choice of issuing the Shanghai Communique. Fifty years on, the U.S.-China relationship has once again come to a critical time. How this relationship develops will shape the world in the 21st century.

He reiterated that the U.S. does not seek a new Cold War with China; it does not aim to change China's system; the revitalization of its alliances is not targeted at China; the U.S. does not support "Taiwan independence"; and it has no intention to seek a conflict with China.

The U.S. is ready to have candid dialogue and closer cooperation with China, stay committed to the one-China policy, and effectively manage competition and disagreements to ensure the steady growth of the relationship, said President Biden.

He also expressed readiness to stay in close touch with President Xi to set the direction for the U.S.-China relationship.

Noting the international landscape has experienced new major developments since their first virtual meeting last November, Xi said the prevailing trend of peace and development is facing serious challenges, and the world is neither tranquil nor stable.

As permanent members of the UN Security Council and the world's two leading economies, China and the U.S. must not only guide their relations forward along the right track, but also shoulder their share of international responsibilities and work for world peace and tranquility, Xi said.

Xi stressed that he and President Biden share the view that China and the U.S. need to respect each other, coexist in peace and avoid confrontation, and that the two sides should increase communication and dialogue at all levels and in all fields.

President Biden has just reiterated that the U.S. does not seek to have a new Cold War with China, to change China's system, or to revitalize alliances against China, and that the U.S. does not support "Taiwan independence" or intend to seek a conflict with China, Xi said. "I take these remarks very seriously."

Xi pointed out the China-U.S. relationship, instead of getting out of the predicament created by the previous U.S. administration, has encountered a growing number of challenges. What's worth noting in particular is that some people in the U.S. have sent a wrong signal to "Taiwan independence" forces, Xi said, adding "this is very dangerous."

Mishandling of the Taiwan question will have a disruptive impact on the bilateral ties, said Xi. "China hopes that the U.S. will give due attention to this issue."

The direct cause for the current situation in the China-U.S. relationship is that some people on the U.S. side have not followed through on the important common understanding reached by the two Presidents and have not acted on President Biden's positive statements. The U.S. has misperceived and miscalculated China's strategic intention, Xi said.

Xi underscored that there have been and will continue to be differences between China and the U.S. "What matters is to keep such differences under control. A steadily growing relationship is in the interest of both sides," he added.

The two sides exchanged views on the situation in Ukraine.

President Biden expounded on the U.S. position, and expressed readiness for communication with China to prevent the situation from exacerbating.

"China does not want to see the situation in Ukraine to come to this. China stands for peace and opposes war. This is embedded in China's history and culture," Xi said.

China makes a conclusion independently based on the merits of each matter, advocates upholding international law and universally recognized norms governing international relations, and adheres to the UN Charter and promotes the vision of common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security. These are the major principles that underpin China's approach to the Ukraine crisis, Xi said.

Noting that China has put forward a six-point initiative on the humanitarian situation in Ukraine, Xi said China is ready to provide further humanitarian assistance to Ukraine and other affected countries.

"All sides need to jointly support Russia and Ukraine in having dialogue and negotiation that will produce results and lead to peace," Xi said, adding that the U.S. and NATO should also have dialogue with Russia to address the crux of the Ukraine crisis and ease the security concerns of both Russia and Ukraine.

Xi stressed that with the need to fight COVID-19 on the one hand and protect the economy and people's livelihood on the other, things are already very difficult for countries around the world.

"As leaders of major countries, we need to think about how to properly address global hotspot issues and, more importantly, keep in mind global stability and the work and life of billions of people," Xi said.

Sweeping and indiscriminate sanctions would only make the people suffer. If further escalated, they could trigger serious crises in global economy and trade, finance, energy, food, and industrial and supply chains, crippling the already languishing world economy and causing irrevocable losses, Xi added.

"The more complex the situation, the greater the need to remain cool-headed and rational," Xi said, adding that whatever the circumstances, there is always a need for political courage to create space for peace and leave room for political settlement.

"As two Chinese sayings go, 'It takes two hands to clap.' 'He who tied the bell to the tiger must take it off.' It is imperative that the parties involved demonstrate political will and find a proper settlement in view of both immediate and long-term needs," Xi said.

Xi said other parties can and should create conditions to that end. The pressing priority is to keep the dialogue and negotiation going, avoid civilian casualties, prevent a humanitarian crisis, and cease hostilities as soon as possible.

He said an enduring solution would be for major countries to respect each other, reject the Cold War mentality, refrain from bloc confrontation, and build step by step a balanced, effective and sustainable security architecture for the region and for the world.

"China has been doing its best for peace and will continue to play a constructive role," Xi said.

Agreeing that the video call is constructive, the two Presidents directed their teams to promptly follow up and take concrete actions to put China-U.S. relations back on the track of steady development, and make respective efforts for the proper settlement of the Ukraine crisis.

Ding Xuexiang, Liu He and Wang Yi were present at the call.