你問(wèn)我答
以“ex”開(kāi)頭單詞的正確讀音
內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介
一位聽(tīng)眾想知道在以字母組合 “ex” 開(kāi)頭的單詞中,“ex” 應(yīng)該如何發(fā)音。比如:“exceed” 和 “experiment” 中的 “ex” 讀作 /?ks/;在 “expert” 和 “expectation” 中的 “ex” 讀作 /eks/。在名詞 “example” 中,“ex” 既不讀作 /?ks/,也不讀作 /eks/。這是為什么?聽(tīng)節(jié)目介紹 “ex” 在單詞開(kāi)頭時(shí)一般有哪些發(fā)音規(guī)律。
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Jiaying
大家好,歡迎收聽(tīng) BBC英語(yǔ)教學(xué)的 “你問(wèn)我答” 節(jié)目。I'm Jiaying.
Phil
And I'm Phil, we've got a question from one of our listeners.
Jiaying
問(wèn)題是這樣的:
Question
請(qǐng)問(wèn)該如何判斷單詞開(kāi)頭字母組合為 “ex” 的發(fā)音?有時(shí)候讀 /?ks/,有時(shí)候讀 /eks/。例如,“exceed” 讀 /?k?si?d/,“expectation” 讀 /?ekspek?te??n/。謝謝!
Phil
So, this question is about two letters – 'e' and 'x' and how we pronounce them together. There are two things that we need to think about – and the first one is stress.
Jiaying
在英語(yǔ)中,一個(gè)單詞的重音位置可能會(huì)影響它本身的讀音。所以,在判斷字母組合 “ex” 該怎么讀的時(shí)候,首先應(yīng)該考慮字母組合 “ex” 是不是重讀。
Phil
Yes, that's right. In a word like 'expectation', 'ex' is the stressed syllable. When 'ex' is the main stress in the word, we usually pronounce it as /eks/.
Jiaying
像 “expectation” 這樣以字母組合 “ex” 開(kāi)頭且重音在前的單詞中,“ex” 通常讀 /eks/ – expectation。注意:/eks/ 以元音 /e/ 開(kāi)頭,發(fā)音時(shí)嘴唇要微微張開(kāi)。聽(tīng)兩個(gè)例句。
Examples
I thought the film would be good, but it didn't really meet my expectations. It was a bit boring.
(我以為這部電影會(huì)很好看,但它并沒(méi)有達(dá)到我的預(yù)期。有點(diǎn)無(wú)聊。)
We're not going to be able to do everything on the plan – you need to lower your expectations.
(我們不可能做計(jì)劃中的每一件事情,你需要降低你的期望值。)
Phil
OK. So, 'ex' in 'expectation' is stressed. It's not stressed in 'expect' – /spekt/ is the stressed syllable here. Listen to how we say 'ex' in 'expect' – /?k?spekt/. When it's unstressed we can pronounce 'ex' as /?ks/.
Jiaying
沒(méi)錯(cuò),單詞 “expect” 中的重讀音節(jié)在后,是 /spekt/。所以,字母組合 “ex” 在這個(gè)詞中的讀音不是 /eks/,而是 /?ks/ —— expect。聽(tīng)兩個(gè)例句,找出字母組合 “ex” 的讀音為 /?ks/ 的詞語(yǔ)。
Examples
Aha, just as I expected– my experiment worked!
(啊哈,正如我所料,我的實(shí)驗(yàn)成功了!)
That's just excessive– it's far too much chilli!
(這也太辣了,辣椒放得太多了?。?/p>
Jiaying
Expected, experiment, excessive. 注意,/?ks/ 中的元音是 /?/,發(fā)音時(shí)口型扁平,嘴唇兩側(cè)微張。Phil,能不能給我們朗讀一下兩組單詞,在每組單詞中,先讀字母組合 “ex” 發(fā) /?ks/ 音的單詞,再讀發(fā) /eks/ 音的單詞。
Phil
Extension, expert.
Exceedingly, expo.
Let's hear some more examples with /?ks/ and /eks/.
Examples
The architect who designed my extension was a real expert.
(為我家房子設(shè)計(jì)擴(kuò)建部分的建筑師是一位真正的行家。)
This year's expo was exceedingly good.
(今年的博覽會(huì)精彩極了。)
Phil
There's one other thing that we need to look out for when we're thinking about the pronunciation of 'ex'.
Jiaying
是的。當(dāng)字母組合 “ex” 后接元音時(shí),字母組合 “ex” 中后兩個(gè)輔音的發(fā)音通常會(huì)濁化,變成 /gz/。比如:“example”。
Phil
Yes, usually we think of the letter 'x' making a /ks/ sound – but we don't have that sound in 'example' – it's more of a /g/ and a /z/ sound.
Jiaying
沒(méi)錯(cuò)。/gz/ 是 /ks/ 的濁音形式。來(lái)聽(tīng)兩個(gè)例句。
Examples
You need to be more exact than in this example.
(你需要比這個(gè)例子里講的更精確。)
Make sure you know where the exits are.
(要確保你知道出口在哪里。)
Phil
So, we've seen that to find the pronunciation of 'ex', we need to think about stress, and what comes next.
Jiaying
是的,在判斷以字母組合 “ex” 開(kāi)頭的單詞中,“ex” 應(yīng)該怎么讀的時(shí)候,不僅需要考慮單詞本身的重音位置,還需要根據(jù) “ex” 后面是否跟元音加以判斷。
Phil
We hope that we've answered your question. Remember, if you have a question that you'd like us to answer, you can email us too, at: questions.chinaelt@bbc.co.uk
Jiaying
你也可以通過(guò)微博私信把問(wèn)題發(fā)送給我們,我們的微博賬號(hào)是 “BBC英語(yǔ)教學(xué)”。謝謝收聽(tīng) “你問(wèn)我答” 節(jié)目。Bye!
Phil
Bye, everyone.