你問(wèn)我答
日常英語(yǔ)會(huì)話中的常用副詞:basically、literally、actually
內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介
一位聽(tīng)眾來(lái)信詢問(wèn)如何在日常英語(yǔ)會(huì)話中使用像 literally, basically, actually 的這類副詞。以英語(yǔ)為母語(yǔ)的人們?cè)谌粘=涣鲿r(shí),常常會(huì)在句首或句中使用這類副詞。主持人 Georgie 和佳瑩在本期 “你問(wèn)我答” 節(jié)目中講解這三個(gè)詞的主要用法,同時(shí)補(bǔ)充一些日常會(huì)話中的常用副詞,幫助你擴(kuò)充詞匯量。
文字稿
(關(guān)于臺(tái)詞的備注: 請(qǐng)注意這不是廣播節(jié)目的逐字稿件。本文稿可能沒(méi)有體現(xiàn)錄制、編輯過(guò)程中對(duì)節(jié)目做出的改變。)
Jiaying
大家好,歡迎收聽(tīng) BBC英語(yǔ)教學(xué)的 “你問(wèn)我答” 節(jié)目。With me, Jiaying.
Georgie
And me, Georgie. One of our listeners has asked us a question:
Question
常聽(tīng)到一些英語(yǔ)母語(yǔ)人士在說(shuō)話的開(kāi)頭或中間單獨(dú)使用一些副詞,例如 “basically”、“l(fā)iterally” 和 “actually”。想知道還有哪些副詞可以這樣使用,以及它們的用法是什么?
Jiaying
下面,我們會(huì)講解副詞 “basically”、“l(fā)iterally” 和 “actually” 的主要用法,并且再來(lái)補(bǔ)充一些大家在日常交流時(shí)能用到的英語(yǔ)副詞。
OK. Basically, using adverbs like these at the beginning or in the middle of sentences is a common way to emphasise or modify what you're saying in casual conversation.
Georgie
I was literally about to say the same thing! So, you just used 'basically' at the start of the sentence, and that indicated that you were about to summarise or simplify something.
Jiaying
剛才我在介紹副詞在日??谡Z(yǔ)會(huì)話中的一個(gè)常見(jiàn)的用法時(shí),在句子的開(kāi)頭用到了副詞 “basically”,它的意思是 “從根本上講,基本上”。來(lái)聽(tīng)兩個(gè)分別在句中和句首使用了 “basically” 的例句。
Examples
The rules of the game are tricky, but basically, you need to score more points than your opponent.
(游戲規(guī)則很復(fù)雜,但基本上你需要比對(duì)手得到更多的分?jǐn)?shù)。)
Basically, all we're going to do on holiday is read, eat good food and relax.
(我們?cè)诩倨诶锘疽龅木褪亲x書(shū)、吃美食和放松。)
Jiaying
Right. Georgie, 前面你說(shuō)到的 “I was literally about to say the same thing!(我正要像你這樣說(shuō)呢?。?。這里,你用到了副詞 “l(fā)iterally”。“Literally” 原本的含義是 “字面上地;逐字地”。
Georgie
Yes, for example, I might say: "You don't need to recite this poem literally, just tell me what it's about."
However, the way I used it earlier was for emphasis – I was excited because we had the same idea.
Jiaying
沒(méi)錯(cuò),你剛剛說(shuō) “l(fā)iterally” 的時(shí)候,意思其實(shí)是 “確實(shí)地,真正地”,用來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)你剛剛說(shuō)過(guò)的話。
注意:在口語(yǔ)會(huì)話中,有一些人還會(huì)用 “l(fā)iterally” 來(lái)表達(dá) “簡(jiǎn)直…” 的意思,起到加強(qiáng)、夸大所使用詞句字面意義的作用。來(lái)聽(tīng)兩個(gè)例句。
Examples
I ate so much at the restaurant; I was literally about to explode.
(我在餐廳吃得太多了,我簡(jiǎn)直快撐爆了。)
The movie was so sad, I was literally drowning in my tears.
(這部電影太悲傷了,哭得我淚如雨下。)
Jiaying
下面,我們來(lái)說(shuō)一說(shuō) “actually”。“Actually” 常常表示 “實(shí)際上,其實(shí)” 的意思,可以用來(lái)糾正自己或他人說(shuō)過(guò)的話,提出不同的意見(jiàn);它也可以表示 “居然,竟然”,用來(lái)引出一件和預(yù)期相反或意外的事情。來(lái)聽(tīng)兩個(gè)例句。
Examples
I want to have pizza for dinner tonight. Actually, let's have noodles.
(今晚晚餐我想吃披薩。我們還是吃面條吧。)
I usually don't like football, but I actually found today's match quite exciting!
(我通常不喜歡看球,但我居然覺(jué)得今天的足球比賽很精彩?。?/p>
Jiaying
好了,說(shuō)完了問(wèn)題中提到的三個(gè)副詞,我們?cè)賮?lái)補(bǔ)充一些在日常英語(yǔ)會(huì)話中能用到的副詞。
Georgie
Unfortunately, there are too many adverbs to cover in this programme, but here are some of our top picks. I just used 'unfortunately' which means you're sad or disappointed about the reality of a situation.
Jiaying
你用副詞 “unfortunately(很不湊巧地)” 來(lái)表達(dá)了自己的遺憾之情。請(qǐng)聽(tīng)一個(gè)例句。
Example
Unfortunately, we missed the train, so we had to wait an hour for the next one.
(很不湊巧,我們錯(cuò)過(guò)了火車,所以不得不又等了一個(gè)小時(shí)才坐上下一班車。)
Jiaying
我們可以用副詞 “honestly” 來(lái)表示 “老實(shí)說(shuō),說(shuō)真的”,用來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)自己的真實(shí)觀點(diǎn)。副詞 “frankly” 也可以表達(dá)同樣的含義,但它聽(tīng)起來(lái)更直接、更嚴(yán)肅,所以需要注意使用的場(chǎng)合和對(duì)象。聽(tīng)兩個(gè)例句。
Examples
Honestly, I don't think the movie is as good as everyone says it is.
(老實(shí)說(shuō),我不認(rèn)為這部電影像大家說(shuō)的那么好。)
The customer service was, frankly, disgraceful.
(坦率地說(shuō),這家公司的客戶服務(wù)太不像話了。)
Georgie
Another useful one is 'seriously', which you can use in a similar way to 'really'. It mostly conveys and emphasises importance. Jiaying, we've been in the studio for three hours. We should seriously think about getting some fresh air.
Jiaying
Seriously? Three hours? 我用副詞 “seriously(真的)” 來(lái)表達(dá)了我強(qiáng)烈的懷疑或驚訝之情;而 Georgie 剛剛則用 “seriously” 來(lái)表示 “嚴(yán)肅地,認(rèn)真地” 的意思:她說(shuō):“We should seriously think about getting some fresh air.”。
好了,上面我們講了在日常英語(yǔ)對(duì)話中可以怎樣使用不同的副詞來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)你想要表達(dá)的意思。其中,“basically(基本上地)” 常用來(lái)引出你對(duì)一件事情的概括;“l(fā)iterally” 本身的含義是 “字面上地;逐字地” ,但如今,人們也常用它來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)或夸大自己想要說(shuō)的話;“Honestly” 和 “frankly” 的意思是 “說(shuō)真的,說(shuō)實(shí)話”,它們都可以用來(lái)引出自己對(duì)一件事情的真實(shí)看法,但 “frankly” 聽(tīng)起來(lái)更直接、更嚴(yán)肅一些;我們還補(bǔ)充了 “seriously” 的用法,它可以用來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)事情很重要或用來(lái)表達(dá)懷疑或驚訝之情。
Georgie
Remember, if you have a question about the English language you'd like to ask us, please send us an email. Our email address is: questions.chinaelt@bbc.co.uk
Jiaying
你也可以通過(guò)微博私信的方式向我們提問(wèn)。我們的微博賬號(hào)是 “BBC英語(yǔ)教學(xué)”。Bye.
Georgie
Bye!