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Is austerity good for your health?
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 There could be a tiny silver lining during lean times |
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While an economic crisis results in untold misery for countries and their people, a new study of health in Cuba has suggested there could be a silver lining during lean times. Researchers appear to have implied that people can lose weight during a recession due to a reduction in eating and increasing physical activity. Their dramatic findings, published online in the British Medical Journal, were based on a study in Cuba, where the population suffered food and fuel shortages following the economic crisis of the early 1990s triggered by the collapse of the Soviet Union. This resulted in an average of 4 to 5kg (8 to 11 lbs) being shed by the people and subsequent rapid declines in deaths from diabetes and coronary heart disease. The scientists from the University of Alcalá, in Madrid, also discovered that when Cubans put the weight back on, cases of diabetes surged again. The researchers concluded that the Cuban crisis could have lessons Britain. They suggested that an average weight loss of just eleven pounds across the UK could cut deaths from heart disease by a third while the mortality rate of type 2 diabetes, the form of the condition related to obesity, could also be halved. Whole population trends in food consumption and transport policies linked to physical activity could reduce the burden of two major illnesses, said the researchers. "During the deepest period of the economic crisis in Cuba, from 1991 to 1995, food was scarce and access to gas was greatly reduced, virtually eliminating motorised transport and causing the industrial and agricultural sectors to shift to manual intensive labour,” said Prof Manuel Franco, who led the international team of researchers from Spain, Cuba and the United States. "We found a population-wide loss of 4-5 kg in weight in a relatively healthy population was accompanied by diabetes mortality falling by half and mortality from coronary heart disease falling by a third. "So far, no country or regional population has successfully reduced the distribution of body mass index or reduced the prevalence of obesity through public health campaigns or targeted treatment programmes." (Source: Telegraph) |
盡管經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)會(huì)給許多國(guó)家及其人民造成難以名狀的苦難，但是古巴的一項(xiàng)新健康研究指出，經(jīng)濟(jì)困難時(shí)期的黑暗也有一線光明。 研究人員暗示說，由于攝入食物的減少和體力活動(dòng)的增多，人們?cè)诮?jīng)濟(jì)蕭條時(shí)期體重會(huì)下降。 這一發(fā)表在《英國(guó)醫(yī)學(xué)雜志》網(wǎng)刊上的引人注目的發(fā)現(xiàn)基于古巴的一項(xiàng)研究。20世紀(jì)90年代早期古巴在蘇聯(lián)解體后陷入經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)，古巴民眾因此遭受食品和燃料的短缺。 這導(dǎo)致古巴人的平均體重下降了4到5千克（8到11磅），古巴因糖尿病和冠心病而導(dǎo)致的死亡人數(shù)隨后也迅速下降。 馬德里的阿爾卡拉大學(xué)的科學(xué)家還發(fā)現(xiàn)，古巴人體重回升后，糖尿病的發(fā)病率又再度猛增。 研究人員得出結(jié)論說，英國(guó)可以從古巴危機(jī)中吸取教訓(xùn)。 他們指出，英國(guó)人口平均體重只需減少11磅，死于心臟病的人數(shù)就能減少三分之一，與肥胖有關(guān)的Ⅱ型糖尿病造成的死亡率也可以減半。 研究人員稱，全體民眾食物攝入量的減少以及和體力活動(dòng)有關(guān)的交通政策可以降低這兩大疾病的負(fù)擔(dān)。 這一國(guó)際研究團(tuán)隊(duì)的成員來自西班牙、古巴和美國(guó)，團(tuán)隊(duì)的領(lǐng)頭人曼紐爾?弗朗科教授說：“在古巴經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)最嚴(yán)重的時(shí)期，即1991年至1995年這段時(shí)間，食品和燃?xì)獾墓┙o量大幅減少，實(shí)質(zhì)上降低了機(jī)動(dòng)車的使用量，并導(dǎo)致工業(yè)和農(nóng)業(yè)部門改用高強(qiáng)度的體力勞動(dòng)?！?/p> “我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，如果一個(gè)相對(duì)健康的人口體重整體減少4到5千克，那么糖尿病導(dǎo)致的死亡率會(huì)隨之減半，冠心病死亡率也會(huì)降低三分之一。 “到目前為止，還沒有哪個(gè)國(guó)家或地區(qū)能通過公共健康運(yùn)動(dòng)或有針對(duì)性的治療項(xiàng)目成功地降低人口的身體質(zhì)量指數(shù)或肥胖發(fā)生率。” 相關(guān)閱讀 英經(jīng)濟(jì)蕭條致家庭煮夫數(shù)量超主婦 （中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)網(wǎng)英語點(diǎn)津 陳丹妮） |
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Vocabulary: silver lining: （不幸或失望中的）一線希望 lean times: 經(jīng)濟(jì)困難時(shí)期（因缺錢不得不精打細(xì)算，節(jié)儉度日） body mass index: 身體質(zhì)量指數(shù) |
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