你也許知道城里老鼠和鄉(xiāng)下老鼠的區(qū)別，但你知道城里的樹和鄉(xiāng)下的樹有什么不同嗎？研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，城里的樹生長(zhǎng)速度比鄉(xiāng)下的樹高出四倍，但死亡率是后者的兩倍多。這是為什么呢？

Trees in cities 'live fast but die young' compared to rural forests, warns a new study.

一項(xiàng)新研究警告說，相比鄉(xiāng)間樹林里的樹，城里的樹“長(zhǎng)得快但死得早”。

Researchers found that trees in urban areas die faster than ones in the countryside as higher levels of carbon dioxide make it harder for the plant to survive.

研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，城區(qū)樹木的壽命比鄉(xiāng)間樹木短，因?yàn)槌鞘卸趸紳舛雀撸寴涓y存活。

City-dwelling trees suffer a net loss of carbon storage which means trees produce less energy from the air.

生長(zhǎng)在城里的樹碳儲(chǔ)量是凈虧損的，這意味著樹用空氣轉(zhuǎn)化成的能量更低。

Now researchers say more must be done to tackle the environmental impacts of urbanisation.

研究人員表示，必須做更多工作來應(yīng)對(duì)城市化對(duì)環(huán)境的影響。

Ian Smith, a PhD student of Boston University in the United States, said: 'Cities are at the forefront of implementing climate mitigation policies including urban greening, to combat rising temperatures and atmospheric CO2 concentrations.

美國(guó)波士頓大學(xué)的博士生伊恩·史密斯說：“為了對(duì)抗氣溫升高和大氣中二氧化碳濃度變高，在推行城市綠化等減緩氣候變化的政策時(shí)，城市是處于最前線的?！?/p>

'We find that tree planting initiatives alone may not be sufficient to maintain urban canopies in older cities like Boston.

“我們發(fā)現(xiàn)光是種樹也許不足以在波斯頓等老城市保持樹冠覆蓋率?！?/p>

'Due to the age and size structure of the existing canopy, efforts to aid in the establishment and preservation of tree health are imperative for increasing urban tree cover and maximising the wide range of ecosystem services provided by the urban canopy.'

“由于現(xiàn)有綠樹的年齡和大小結(jié)構(gòu)，想要增加城市里的綠樹覆蓋面積，讓城市樹冠提供的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)范圍最大化，就必須努力增進(jìn)和保護(hù)綠樹健康?！?/p>

The research team used a model to forecast short-term changes among street trees for several planting and management scenarios.

研究團(tuán)隊(duì)用了一個(gè)模型，通過多種植樹和管理方案來預(yù)測(cè)街道樹木的短期變化。

Researchers applied the model to estimated tree growth, mortality and planting rates both among trees in Boston city and forests in rural Massachusetts.

研究人員用這個(gè)模型來預(yù)估馬薩諸塞州波斯頓市和鄉(xiāng)間森林的樹木的生長(zhǎng)情況、死亡率和種植成活率。

It was discovered that rates of carbon cycling and mean diameter growth rates among urban trees were nearly four times faster in the city than the countryside.

研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，城市樹木的碳循環(huán)率和平均直徑增長(zhǎng)速度比鄉(xiāng)間樹木高出近四倍。

mean[min]: adj. 平均的

But the positive findings were outweighed by net loss of carbon storage and high mortality losses - which are more than double than trees in rural forests.

但是這一積極的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)被凈損失的碳儲(chǔ)量和高死亡率抵消了——城市樹木的死亡率是鄉(xiāng)間樹木的兩倍多。

The study, published in the journal PLOS ONE, has prompted scientists to urge communities to do more to establish and preserve trees which are essential to increasing street-tree canopy cover and carbon storage in vegetation.

發(fā)表在《科學(xué)公共圖書館·綜合》期刊上的這項(xiàng)研究促使科學(xué)家敦促社區(qū)更努力地去種植和保護(hù)樹木，這對(duì)于增加街道樹冠覆蓋率和植被的碳儲(chǔ)量至關(guān)重要。

Researchers say strategic combinations of planting and maintenance will be needed to secure urban sustainability but more needs to be done to develop understanding of urban trees and their ecosystems - which may differ from rural forests.

研究人員表示，為了保證城市可持續(xù)發(fā)展，需要在戰(zhàn)略上把種樹和保護(hù)綠樹結(jié)合起來，但還需要增進(jìn)對(duì)城市樹木及其生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的了解，這一點(diǎn)可能有別于鄉(xiāng)間森林。

英文來源：每日郵報(bào)

翻譯&編輯：丹妮