面對當(dāng)前新型冠狀病毒感染的肺炎疫情，世界衛(wèi)生組織近日在官方網(wǎng)站向公眾公布了信息和建議，呼吁公眾采取理性、謹(jǐn)慎的保護(hù)和預(yù)防措施。

The World Health Organization (WHO) released information and advice recently to the public regarding the novel coronavirus epidemic, which has struck China, particularly its central Hubei Province.

世界衛(wèi)生組織最近向公眾發(fā)布了有關(guān)新型冠狀病毒感染的肺炎的信息和建議。這種傳染病使中國發(fā)生疫情，特別是在中部的湖北省。

coronavirus[k?,r?un?'vai?r?s]：n.冠狀病毒

"Antibiotics do not work against viruses, only bacteria," the WHO said on its official website, noting that as the novel coronavirus is a virus, antibiotics are not effective in preventing or treating it.

世界衛(wèi)生組織在官網(wǎng)上寫道：“抗生素對病毒無效，只對細(xì)菌有效?！笔澜缧l(wèi)生組織指出，新型冠狀病毒是一種病毒，抗生素?zé)o法有效預(yù)防和治療。

However, if a patient is hospitalized for the virus, he may receive antibiotics since "bacterial co-infection is possible," the organization added.

然而，如果患者染病住院，可能會接受抗生素治療，因為“可能合并細(xì)菌感染，”世界衛(wèi)生組織補充說。

Up to now, there is no specific medicine for preventing or treating the virus, but some particular cures are being studied and will be tested in clinical trials, the WHO said, adding that it is working with partners to help accelerate related research and development work.

世界衛(wèi)生組織表示，到目前為止，還沒有專門的藥物來預(yù)防或治療這種病毒，但一些特定的治療方法正在研究中，并將用于臨床試驗。世界衛(wèi)生組織補充說，正與有關(guān)機(jī)構(gòu)合作，加快相關(guān)的研發(fā)工作。

"People of all ages" can be infected with the novel coronavirus, and elder people and people with pre-existing medical conditions such as asthma, diabetes and heart disease are more susceptible, the WHO said.

世界衛(wèi)生組織說，“所有年齡的人”都可能感染這種新型冠狀病毒，而老年人和已有哮喘、糖尿病和心臟病等疾病的人更易感。

susceptible [s??sept?bl]：adj.易受影響的

With regard to whether companion animals like dogs or cats can be infected with the virus, the WHO said, there is no evidence on it yet.

世界衛(wèi)生組織表示，尚無證據(jù)證明狗或貓等伴侶動物是否會感染病毒。

But the organization advised people to wash hands with soap and water after contacting pets, which can help protect them against "various common bacteria such as E.coli and Salmonella that can pass between pets and humans."

但世界衛(wèi)生組織建議人們在接觸寵物后涂肥皂洗手，這有助于保護(hù)他們免受“各種常見細(xì)菌，如大腸桿菌和沙門氏菌”的侵害。這兩種細(xì)菌可以在寵物和人之間傳播。

Chinese health authorities said on Tuesday that it received reports of 3,235 new confirmed cases of novel coronavirus infection and 64 deaths on Monday from 31 provincial-level regions and the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps.

國家衛(wèi)生健康委2月4日表示，2月3日0-24時，31個省（自治區(qū)、直轄市）和新疆生產(chǎn)建設(shè)兵團(tuán)報告新增確診病例3235例，新增死亡病例64例。

為了抵御來勢洶洶的新型冠狀病毒（正式名稱：2019-nCoV），全球網(wǎng)友想出了五花八門的“土法子”：用香油、吃大蒜、鹽水洗鼻子……由病毒引發(fā)的擔(dān)憂也是各式各樣，有怕寵物帶毒的，還有甚至擔(dān)心接到中國來的快遞會感染病毒。

近日，世界衛(wèi)生組織（World Health Organisation）及下屬機(jī)構(gòu)的官方賬戶就解疑釋惑，發(fā)布了一系列英文的答網(wǎng)友問，內(nèi)容權(quán)威、語言簡練，甚至還有點小幽默，特選輯如下。

1  香油

圍繞“衣食住行”的“食”，網(wǎng)友首先將視線投向了sesame oil——芝麻油。我國一部分地區(qū)稱之為“麻油”，另一部分地區(qū)稱之為“香油”。

有網(wǎng)友問：“抹芝麻油，或吃芝麻油，能阻止新型冠狀病毒進(jìn)入人體嗎？”（Does putting on or eating sesame oil block the 2019-nC0V from entering the body?）

權(quán)威回答是：

No.

不會。

Sesame oil is delicious but it does not kill 2019-nCoV.

芝麻油很好吃，但不會殺死新型冠狀病毒。

2  大蒜

可能是因為大蒜有殺菌的作用，有網(wǎng)友問：“吃大蒜能幫助預(yù)防感染新型冠狀病毒嗎？”

權(quán)威回答第一句：“大蒜是一種健康食品，具有一定的抗菌特性（a healthy food that may have some antimicrobial properties）。

別急，還有第二句：

However, there is no evidence from the current outbreak that eating garlic has protected people from the novel coronavirus.

然而，目前的疫情沒有證據(jù)表明食用大蒜可以保護(hù)人們免受新型冠狀病毒的侵襲。

3  鹽水

圍繞殺毒手段，網(wǎng)友提出的第三問是關(guān)于鹽水（saline）以及鹽水滴鼻劑（saline nose drops）：定期用鹽水沖洗鼻子（regularly rinsing your nose with saline）能幫助預(yù)防感染新型冠狀病毒嗎？

有人這么問，是因為患感冒時，尤其是小朋友使用生理鹽水洗鼻，往往效果不錯。

權(quán)威回答第一句：

There is no evidence that regularly rinsing the nose with saline has protected people from infection with the novel coronavirus.

沒有證據(jù)表明定期用鹽水沖洗鼻子能保護(hù)人們免受新型冠狀病毒的感染。

為啥呢？

There is some limited evidence that regularly rinsing the nose with saline can help people recover more quickly from the common cold.

有一些有限的證據(jù)表明，定期用生理鹽水沖洗鼻子可以幫助人更快地從普通感冒中恢復(fù)過來。

However, regularly rinsing the nose has not been shown to prevent respiratory infections.

然而，定期沖洗鼻子并不能預(yù)防呼吸道感染。

4  快遞

疫情肆虐，有人連快遞都不敢收了……有人問：收到來自中國的信件或包裹安全嗎？

權(quán)威回答：

Yes, it is safe. People receiving packages from China are not at risk of contracting 2019-nCoV.

是的，安全。收到從中國來的包裹不會有感染新型冠狀病毒的風(fēng)險。

From previous analysis, we know coronaviruses do not survive long on objects, such as letters or packages.

根據(jù)以往的分析，我們知道冠狀病毒不會在物體上——比如信件或包裹——存活很長時間。

5  肺炎疫苗

既然是“新型冠狀病毒感染的肺炎”，那就有網(wǎng)友問了：可以用肺炎疫苗對付新型冠狀病毒嗎？（Do vaccines against pneumonia protect you against 2019-nCoV?）

答：

No. Vaccines against pneumonia do not provide protection against 2019-nCoV.

不行。肺炎疫苗不能幫助人抵御新型冠狀病毒。

The virus is new and different. It needs its own vaccine.

這種病毒是一種新的、不同的病毒。它需要專屬疫苗。

世衛(wèi)組織推薦的防病毒小貼士

前面介紹了WHO針對“七大迷思”做出的“官宣”，下面附上兩則WHO的降低感染病毒風(fēng)險小貼士。

第一條小貼士，大家都能用的上：踐行食品衛(wèi)生安全（food safety）！

（1）生肉和熟食要區(qū)分，使用不同的砧板和菜刀（Use different chopping boards and knives for raw meat and cooked food）；

（2）做飯時要洗手（Wash your hands when preparing meals）；

（3）確保肉制品徹底煮熟及正確處理（Make sure meat products are cooked thoroughly and properly handled）。

第二條小貼士，是送給在菜市場工作的朋友們，尤其是在生鮮、水產(chǎn)品市場（wet markets）工作的人。

（1）觸摸動物和動物制品后勤洗手；

（2）消毒器具設(shè)備和工作區(qū)域，每天至少一次（disinfect equipment and working area at least once a day）;

（3）處理動物和動物制品時，穿戴防護(hù)衣、防護(hù)手套和面部防護(hù)用品（protective gowns, gloves and facial protection）；

（4）工作完成后脫去防護(hù)衣物，每日清洗并留在工作地點；

（5）避免讓家人接觸到弄臟的工作服和鞋（soiled work clothing and shoes）。

最后，送上一句WHO的苦口婆心碎碎念：

Sick animals and animals that have died of diseases should not be eaten.

一定一定別吃生病的和病死的動物！

雙語君也再補充一句：千萬別碰、別吃野生動物！！

為了正確防疫，WHO也是操碎了心，以上這些“官宣”怎么強調(diào)都不為過，畢竟現(xiàn)在的第一要務(wù)就是想盡一切辦法控制病毒的傳播。

來源：新華社、中國日報歐洲分社、中國日報雙語新聞微信

編輯：yaning、陳月華、張隕璧