5月熱詞：

民法典 the Civil Code

十三屆全國人大三次會議以2879票贊成、2票反對、5票棄權(quán)，高票表決通過《中華人民共和國民法典》。

In addition to general and supplementary provisions, the Civil Code includes six parts on real rights, contracts, personality rights, marriage and family, inheritance, and tort liabilities.

除總則和附則之外，《民法典》包括物權(quán)、合同、人格權(quán)、婚姻家庭、繼承、侵權(quán)責(zé)任這六編。

The personal rights, property rights and other lawful rights and interests of the parties to civil legal relations shall be protected by law and shall not be infringed upon by any organization or individual, reads the Civil Code in its opening chapter.

《民法典》在總則部分明確，民事主體的人身權(quán)利、財產(chǎn)權(quán)利以及其他合法權(quán)益受法律保護，任何組織和個人不得侵犯。

保護人格尊嚴

The part on personality rights includes provisions on a civil subject's rights to life, body, health, name, portrait, reputation and privacy, among others.

人格權(quán)編包括民事主體享有的生命權(quán)、身體權(quán)、健康權(quán)、姓名權(quán)、肖像權(quán)、名譽權(quán)、隱私權(quán)等權(quán)利。

The part features stipulations on regulating studies related to human genes or embryos, strengthening privacy protection, banning sexual harassment, and other prominent issues of public concern.

人格權(quán)編還對嚴格規(guī)范與人體基因、人體胚胎等有關(guān)的科研活動，加強隱私保護，禁止性騷擾，以及其他公眾關(guān)注的重要問題進行了規(guī)定。

適應(yīng)新形勢

Data and online virtual assets are also legally protected, according to the Civil Code.

《民法典》規(guī)定，數(shù)據(jù)及網(wǎng)絡(luò)虛擬財產(chǎn)也受法律保護。

Personal information includes an individual's name, birthdate, identity card number, fingerprints, home address and phone number, as well as email addresses and location data.

個人信息的范圍包括自然人的姓名、出生日期、身份證件號碼、個人生物識別信息、住址、電話號碼，以及電子郵箱地址和行蹤信息。

此外，《民法典》還對緊急情況下保護個人權(quán)利的條款做了微調(diào)。

For example, if the guardian of a child is unable to perform his or her duties due to emergencies like being put under medical isolation, primary-level Party committees or civil affairs authorities must take over the guardianship, according to the code.

比如，兒童的監(jiān)護人在醫(yī)學(xué)隔離等緊急情況下無法履行監(jiān)護責(zé)任的，基層黨委或民政部門必須承擔(dān)起監(jiān)護責(zé)任。

Lawmakers say drafting the code is not about formulating a new civil law but rather systematically incorporating existing civil laws and regulations, modifying and improving them to adapt to new situations while maintaining their consistency.

人大代表們表示，起草《民法典》并不是制定一部新的民法，而是將現(xiàn)有的民事法律法規(guī)進行系統(tǒng)整合，在保持其一致性的前提下，根據(jù)新形勢進行修訂和完善。

The Civil Code will take effect on Jan 1, 2021.

《民法典》自2021年1月1日起施行。

6月熱詞：

北斗全球衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng) Beidou Navigation Satellite System

6月23日9時43分，我國在西昌衛(wèi)星發(fā)射中心用長征三號乙運載火箭，成功發(fā)射北斗系統(tǒng)第五十五顆導(dǎo)航衛(wèi)星，暨北斗三號最后一顆全球組網(wǎng)衛(wèi)星。

The launch marked the completion of the in-orbit construction of the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) , the country's largest space-based system and one of four global navigation networks, along with the United States' GPS, Russia's GLONASS and the European Union's Galileo.

此次發(fā)射標志著北斗全球衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)在軌部署完成，北斗系統(tǒng)是我國最大的空間導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)，也是四個全球?qū)Ш较到y(tǒng)之一，其他三個分別為美國全球定位系統(tǒng)、俄羅斯格洛納斯以及歐盟伽利略。

【知識點】

北斗衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)（Beidou Navigation Satellite System）是中國著眼于國家安全和經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展需要，自主建設(shè)、獨立運行的衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)（independently constructed and operated by China），是為全球用戶提供全天候、全天時、高精度的定位（all-time, all-weather and high-accuracy positioning）、導(dǎo)航和授時服務(wù)（navigation and timing services）的國家重要空間基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施。

中國高度重視北斗系統(tǒng)建設(shè)發(fā)展，自 20 世紀 80 年代開始探索適合國情的衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)發(fā)展道路，形成了“三步走”發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略：2000 年年底，建成北斗一號系統(tǒng)，向中國提供服務(wù)；2012 年年底，建成北斗二號系統(tǒng)，向亞太地區(qū)提供服務(wù)（provide services in the Asia-Pacific region）；計劃 2020 年前后，建成北斗三號系統(tǒng)，向全球提供服務(wù)（provide global services）。2035 年前，將以北斗系統(tǒng)為核心，建設(shè)完善更加泛在、更加融合、更加智能的國家綜合定位導(dǎo)航授時（positioning navigation and timing，PNT）體系。

1994年，北斗衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)啟動建設(shè)。20多年間，我國在西昌衛(wèi)星發(fā)射中心共組織了44次北斗發(fā)射任務(wù)，利用長征三號甲系列運載火箭，先后將4顆北斗一號試驗衛(wèi)星（experimental satellites）、55顆北斗二號和北斗三號組網(wǎng)衛(wèi)星（third-generation satellites）送入預(yù)定軌道，任務(wù)成功率100%。

By now, 59 satellites, including the first four experimental ones, have been launched from Xichang on Long March 3Bs, some having since been put into retirement.

到目前為止，西昌衛(wèi)星發(fā)射中心通過長征三號乙運載火箭共發(fā)射了59顆北斗衛(wèi)星，其中包括四顆試驗衛(wèi)星，有些衛(wèi)星已經(jīng)退役。

There are 30 third-generation Beidou satellites in three types of orbit — 24 in medium-Earth orbits, three in inclined geosynchronous satellite orbits and three in geostationary orbits.

目前，在軌北斗三號衛(wèi)星共有30顆，包括24顆中圓地球軌道衛(wèi)星、3顆傾斜地球同步軌道衛(wèi)星和3顆地球靜止軌道衛(wèi)星。