中共中央政治局5月31日召開會(huì)議，聽取“十四五”時(shí)期積極應(yīng)對(duì)人口老齡化重大政策舉措?yún)R報(bào)，審議《關(guān)于優(yōu)化生育政策促進(jìn)人口長(zhǎng)期均衡發(fā)展的決定》。

The meeting unveiled a policy that would allow all couples to have up to three children, in a bid to cope with an increasingly aging society. It also pledged stronger support for families.
會(huì)議提出，實(shí)施一對(duì)夫妻可以生育三個(gè)子女政策及配套支持措施，以應(yīng)對(duì)人口老齡化程度加深問題。

【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】

黨的十八大以來，黨中央根據(jù)我國(guó)人口發(fā)展變化形勢(shì)，先后作出一系列重大決策部署。

2013年，十八屆三中全會(huì)決定啟動(dòng)實(shí)施“單獨(dú)二孩”政策（夫妻中有一方為獨(dú)生子女的可生育兩個(gè)孩子，two-child policy for couples of which one partner is an only child）。

2015年，十八屆五中全會(huì)決定實(shí)施“全面二孩政策”（the universal two-child policy），積極開展應(yīng)對(duì)人口老齡化（aging population）行動(dòng)，促進(jìn)人口均衡發(fā)展（improve the balanced development of population）。

實(shí)施三孩政策，有哪些配套措施？

They stressed the need for unified policymaking in terms of marriage, births, parenting and education, with stronger measures to guide young adults on issues related to marriage and family values and to target unhealthy social conduct during wedding ceremonies and excessive betrothal gifts.
要將婚嫁、生育、養(yǎng)育、教育一體考慮，加強(qiáng)適婚青年婚戀觀、家庭觀教育引導(dǎo)，對(duì)婚嫁陋習(xí)、天價(jià)彩禮等不良社會(huì)風(fēng)氣進(jìn)行治理。

【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】

彩禮（betrothal gifts）是我國(guó)婚禮習(xí)俗中的一部分，指婚前男方送給女方的禮金和聘禮，送彩禮代表婚約正式締結(jié)，若有反悔，彩禮一般要退回。彩禮一般分為禮金（gift money）和實(shí)物（gift items）兩部分。與彩禮對(duì)應(yīng)的是女方出嫁時(shí)娘家準(zhǔn)備的“嫁妝”（dowry）。

The level of services to ensure good prenatal and postnatal care must be improved, and a child care service system that benefits all families will be established.
提高優(yōu)生優(yōu)育服務(wù)水平，發(fā)展普惠托育服務(wù)體系。

The meeting called for greater equality in education and an enhanced supply of high-quality education resources to reduce families' education expenditure.
推進(jìn)教育公平與優(yōu)質(zhì)教育資源供給，降低家庭教育開支。

More incentives in taxes and housing will be rolled out and the legitimate interests of women in the job market will be safeguarded.
加強(qiáng)稅收、住房等支持政策，保障女性就業(yè)合法權(quán)益。

【詞匯講解】

Roll out something或者roll something out都表示“首次推出、發(fā)布（服務(wù)、產(chǎn)品、政策等）”，比如：The company plans to roll out the new product across Europe in the coming months.（公司計(jì)劃未來幾個(gè)月在歐洲發(fā)布這款新產(chǎn)品）。其名詞形式為rollout，表示某個(gè)產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)經(jīng)過試用后逐步擴(kuò)大供應(yīng)至更多人群，比如：rollout of COVID-19 vaccines（新冠疫苗供應(yīng)）。此外，英語里還有一個(gè)固定短語roll out the red carpet for (someone)，字面意思是“為某人鋪紅毯”，其實(shí)也是“歡迎某人，盛情款待”的意思，比如：The city council decided to roll out the red carpet for the visit of the foreign prince.（該市議會(huì)決定為這位外國(guó)王子舉辦盛大的歡迎儀式）。

China should continue to implement its current reward and assistance system as well as preferential policies for families with one child and rural families with only two daughters who were born before the implementation of the two-child policy.
對(duì)全面兩孩政策調(diào)整前的獨(dú)生子女家庭和農(nóng)村計(jì)劃生育雙女家庭，要繼續(xù)實(shí)行現(xiàn)行各項(xiàng)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)扶助制度和優(yōu)惠政策。

The nation will establish and improve various policies for such families under the family planning policy.
要建立健全計(jì)劃生育特殊家庭全方位幫扶保障制度。

The meeting urged efforts to deepen the national medium- and long-term population development strategy and regional population development planning to promote long-term and balanced population development.
要深化國(guó)家人口中長(zhǎng)期發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略和區(qū)域人口發(fā)展規(guī)劃研究，促進(jìn)人口長(zhǎng)期均衡發(fā)展。

【相關(guān)詞匯】

勞動(dòng)年齡人口 working-age population

全面二孩政策 the overall two-child policy

生育率 fertility rate

出生率 birth rate

二孩經(jīng)濟(jì) second-child economy

人口老齡化 population aging

延遲退休 raise the retirement age

參考來源：新華網(wǎng)、中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)

（中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)網(wǎng)英語點(diǎn)津 Helen）