打雷時不能站在大樹下，也不要看電視，這是很多人都知道的常識。但是你知道雷雨天氣不能洗澡嗎？這是因為，閃電可以通過水管傳播。閃電可能遠比你想象的更可怕。

Trees begin to sway, the sky darkens and suddenly you hear it – the distant sound of thunder. That’s your cue that potential danger is on the way. In fact, it’s likely within 10 miles of you.

樹開始左搖右擺，天空變得陰沉沉的，突然間你聽到了遠處傳來的雷聲。這預示著潛在的危險正在到來。事實上，閃電很可能距你不到10英里。

Don’t ignore that sound, because where there is thunder there is lightning, and lightning can kill or maim in ways you would least expect it. That includes when you are in the shower, tub or even washing dishes.

不要忽略這一聲音，因為雷聲都伴隨著閃電，而閃電會以最意想不到的方式殺人或致殘。這包括人們在沖澡、沐浴甚至洗碗時。

Since lightning can travel through plumbing, “it is best to avoid all water during a thunderstorm. Do not shower, bathe, wash dishes, or wash your hands,” the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention noted.

美國疾控中心指出，因為閃電可以通過水管傳播，所以“在下雷雨時最好避免接觸所有水源。不要沖澡、沐浴、洗碗或洗手”。

"The risk of lightning traveling through plumbing might be less with plastic pipes than with metal pipes. However, it is best to avoid any contact with plumbing and running water during a lightning storm to reduce your risk of being struck,” the CDC added.

美國疾控中心稱：“閃電通過塑料水管傳播的風險可能比通過金屬水管傳播的風險低。但是，最好還是避免在雷雨時接觸水管和自來水，以降低被閃電擊中的風險。”

That’s not the only danger when you’re inside. Stay off porches and balconies, don’t go near windows and doors, and do “NOT lie down on concrete floors or lean against concrete walls,” the agency said.

這不是雷雨天氣你在家中面臨的唯一危險。遠離門廊和陽臺，不要靠近門窗，也不要“躺在混凝土地板上或靠在混凝土墻壁上”。

Also, do “NOT use anything connected to an electrical outlet, such as computers or other electronic equipment,” the CDC said. “Stay off corded phones. Cell phones and cordless phones are safe … if they are not connected to an outlet through a charger.”

另外，“不要用任何與電源插座相連的東西，比如電腦或其他電器。遠離有線電話。手機和無繩電話比較安全，只要它們不通過充電器和電源插座相連?！?/p>

A thunderclap happens when lightning strikes, heating the air around the bolt to as high “as 50,000 degrees Fahrenheit, 5 times hotter than the surface of the sun,” the National Weather Service said. “Immediately after the flash, the air cools and contracts quickly. This rapid expansion and contraction (create) the sound wave that we hear as thunder.”

據(jù)美國國家氣象局介紹，閃電產(chǎn)生的雷擊會讓周邊的空氣上升至5萬華氏度之高，比太陽表面的溫度還要高出5倍。閃電過后，周圍空氣會迅速冷卻收縮。這一快速擴張和收縮產(chǎn)生了我們聽到的雷聲。

Lightning can kill in many ways. A direct strike is most often fatal, the CDC said, but injuries such as blunt trauma, skin lesions and burns as well as brain, muscle and eye injuries can occur from touching a car or metal object struck by lightning. The current can also travel through the ground, bounce off a person or object, or even stream up from objects near the ground.

閃電能以多種方式產(chǎn)生殺傷力。美國疾控中心指出，被閃電直接擊中往往是致命的，但是接觸被閃電擊中的汽車或金屬物體也會導致鈍傷、皮膚損傷、燒傷以及腦損傷、肌肉傷和眼傷等傷害。電流還能通過地面?zhèn)鞑?，反彈到人體或物體上，甚至會通過地面附近的物體往上傳播。

"Count the number of seconds between the flash of lightning and the sound of thunder, and then divide by 5,” with five seconds equaling 1 mile, 15 seconds equaling 3 miles, and zero seconds very close, the weather service said.

美國國家氣象局稱，你可以算一算在看到閃電后過去了多少秒才聽到雷聲，然后將其除以5，就是閃電和你的距離。5秒意味著閃電距離你1英里，15秒相當于3英里，不到1秒意味著閃電離你非常近。

Most deaths and injuries occur when people are outside, especially during summer months in the afternoon and evening, according to the CDC. About 180 people per year are injured by lightning, and 10% of people struck by lightning die each year. Those who work outside are at highest risk.

據(jù)美國疾控中心介紹，大多數(shù)閃電導致的傷亡都是在戶外發(fā)生的，尤其是在夏天的下午和夜晚。每年約有180人因閃電而受傷，被閃電擊中的人有10%喪生。那些在戶外勞作的人被閃電擊中的風險最高。

If you are caught outside, do “NOT lie on the ground. Lightning causes electric currents along the top of the ground that can be deadly more than 100 feet away. Get inside a safe location; no place outside is safe,” the CDC said.

美國疾控中心指出，如果下雷雨時你正好在外面，“不要躺在地上。100英尺遠的閃電通過地表傳播的電流也會很致命。進入一個安全的場所，戶外的任何地方都不安全?！?/p>

"Avoid anything that will increase your risk of being struck by lightning, such as being near or under tall trees. If there are no safe shelters in sight, crouch down in a ball-like position: put your feet together, squat low, tuck your head, and cover your ears. But remember, this is a last resort. Seek safe shelter first.”

“避免做任何會提高被閃電擊中風險的事，比如待在大樹附近或大樹下。如果目力所及之處沒有安全的庇護所，就把自己蜷成一個球：雙腳并攏，深蹲縮頭捂耳朵。記住，這是不得已的做法。優(yōu)先考慮的是尋找安全庇護所?！?/p>

英文來源：美國有線電視新聞網(wǎng)

翻譯&編輯：丹妮