（三）深化基礎(chǔ)性關(guān)鍵領(lǐng)域改革。以改革開放40周年為重要契機(jī)，推動(dòng)改革取得新突破，不斷解放和發(fā)展社會(huì)生產(chǎn)力。
3. Deepening reforms in fundamental and key areas

We should, drawing on the important momentum generated by the 40th anniversary of reform and opening up, endeavor to make new breakthroughs in reform, and continue to unleash and develop productive forces.

推進(jìn)國(guó)資國(guó)企改革。制定出資人監(jiān)管權(quán)責(zé)清單。深化國(guó)有資本投資、運(yùn)營(yíng)公司等改革試點(diǎn)，賦予更多自主權(quán)。繼續(xù)推進(jìn)國(guó)有企業(yè)優(yōu)化重組和央企股份制改革，加快形成有效制衡的法人治理結(jié)構(gòu)和靈活高效的市場(chǎng)化經(jīng)營(yíng)機(jī)制，持續(xù)瘦身健體，提升主業(yè)核心競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力，推動(dòng)國(guó)有資本做強(qiáng)做優(yōu)做大。積極穩(wěn)妥推進(jìn)混合所有制改革。落實(shí)向全國(guó)人大常委會(huì)報(bào)告國(guó)有資產(chǎn)管理情況的制度。國(guó)有企業(yè)要通過改革創(chuàng)新，走在高質(zhì)量發(fā)展前列。
We should advance the reform of state capital and SOEs.

Lists of investor rights and obligations regarding oversight and regulation should be drawn up. We should deepen trial reforms in state capital investment and management companies, and grant them more decision-making power. We should continue moving forward with the improvement and restructuring of SOEs and the joint-stock reform of central government enterprises, and move faster to give shape to corporate governance structures with effective checks and balances and flexible and efficient market-based operating mechanisms. We should work consistently to make SOEs into leaner, better performers, increase the core competitiveness of their main business, and strengthen, expand, and increase returns on state capital.Reforms introducing mixed ownership in SOEs should be moved forward actively and prudently. The system for State Council reporting to the NPC Standing Committee on the management of state-owned assets should be implemented. Our SOEs should, through reform and innovation, become front-runners in pursuing high-quality development.

支持民營(yíng)企業(yè)發(fā)展。堅(jiān)持“兩個(gè)毫不動(dòng)搖”，堅(jiān)持權(quán)利平等、機(jī)會(huì)平等、規(guī)則平等，全面落實(shí)支持非公有制經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的政策措施，認(rèn)真解決民營(yíng)企業(yè)反映的突出問題，堅(jiān)決破除各種隱性壁壘。構(gòu)建親清新型政商關(guān)系，健全企業(yè)家參與涉企政策制定機(jī)制。激發(fā)和保護(hù)企業(yè)家精神，壯大企業(yè)家隊(duì)伍，增強(qiáng)企業(yè)家信心，讓民營(yíng)企業(yè)在市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)浪潮中盡顯身手。
We should support the development of private enterprises.

There should be no irresolution about consolidating and developing the public sector and no irresolution about encouraging, supporting, and guiding non-public sector development; we should uphold the principle of equal rights, equal opportunities, and fair rules. We should implement fully all policies and measures in support of non-public sector development, earnestly address salient problems that concern private companies, and take firm action to remove hidden barriers.We should build a new type of cordial and clean relationship between government and business, and improve mechanisms for entrepreneurs to participate in enterprise-related policy formulation. We should inspire and protect entrepreneurship, expand the ranks of entrepreneurs, boost entrepreneur confidence, and enable private enterprises to reach their maximum potential in the market economy.

完善產(chǎn)權(quán)制度和要素市場(chǎng)化配置機(jī)制。產(chǎn)權(quán)制度是社會(huì)主義市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的基石。要以保護(hù)產(chǎn)權(quán)、維護(hù)契約、統(tǒng)一市場(chǎng)、平等交換、公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)為基本導(dǎo)向，完善相關(guān)法律法規(guī)。對(duì)各種侵權(quán)行為要依法嚴(yán)肅處理，對(duì)產(chǎn)權(quán)糾紛申訴案件要依法甄別糾正。強(qiáng)化知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)，實(shí)行侵權(quán)懲罰性賠償制度。加快技術(shù)、土地等要素價(jià)格市場(chǎng)化改革，深化資源類產(chǎn)品和公共服務(wù)價(jià)格改革，打破行政壟斷，防止市場(chǎng)壟斷。要用有力的產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)、順暢的要素流動(dòng)，讓市場(chǎng)活力和社會(huì)創(chuàng)造力競(jìng)相迸發(fā)。
We should improve property rights systems and mechanisms for the market-based allocation of the factors of production.

The property rights system is the cornerstone of the socialist market economy. We should improve the relevant laws and regulations to see that property rights are protected, contracts are honored, the market is unified, exchanges are equal, and competition is fair. All types of infringements on property rights need to be strictly dealt with in accordance with law, and all cases involving property rights dispute complaints need to be reviewed and settled in accordance with law.We should strengthen the protection of intellectual property, and enforce a punitive compensation system for intellectual property rights infringements. We should speed up reforms making the pricing of factors of production like technology and land increasingly market-based, deepen reform of the pricing mechanisms for resource products and public services, break government monopolies, and protect against market monopolies. We need to see that strong protection of property rights and fluid flows of the factors of production enable a great increase in market dynamism and public creativity.

深化財(cái)稅體制改革。推進(jìn)中央與地方財(cái)政事權(quán)和支出責(zé)任劃分改革，抓緊制定收入劃分改革方案，完善轉(zhuǎn)移支付制度。健全地方稅體系，穩(wěn)妥推進(jìn)房地產(chǎn)稅立法。改革個(gè)人所得稅。全面實(shí)施績(jī)效管理，使財(cái)政資金花得其所、用得安全。
We should continue structural fiscal and tax reforms.

We should advance reforms to clearly define the respective fiscal powers and expenditure responsibilities of central and local government, move quickly on formulating a plan for reforming the division of revenue, and improve the transfer payments system.We should improve local tax systems, and prudently advance legislation on real estate tax. Personal income tax should be reformed. We should implement performance-based management across the board, ensuring the proper and secure use of fiscal budgets.

加快金融體制改革。改革完善金融服務(wù)體系，支持金融機(jī)構(gòu)擴(kuò)展普惠金融業(yè)務(wù)，規(guī)范發(fā)展地方性中小金融機(jī)構(gòu)，著力解決小微企業(yè)融資難、融資貴問題。深化多層次資本市場(chǎng)改革，推動(dòng)債券、期貨市場(chǎng)發(fā)展。拓展保險(xiǎn)市場(chǎng)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)保障功能。改革金融監(jiān)管體制。深化利率匯率市場(chǎng)化改革，保持人民幣匯率在合理均衡水平上的基本穩(wěn)定。
We should speed up reforms in the financial sector.

We should reform and improve the financial service system, support financial institutions in expanding their business in inclusive finance, promote the well-regulated development of small and medium local financial institutions, and focus on solving the problem of small and micro enterprises finding it tough and expensive to access financing.We should deepen the reform to develop a multi-tiered capital market, and promote the development of the bonds and futures markets. The insurance market’s role in protecting against risk should be expanded. The system for financial regulation should be reformed. We should deepen reforms to make the interest rate and exchange rate more market-based, and see that the RMB exchange rate remains generally stable at an adaptive and equilibrium level.

推進(jìn)社會(huì)體制改革。深化養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度改革，建立企業(yè)職工基本養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)基金中央調(diào)劑制度。深化公立醫(yī)院綜合改革，協(xié)調(diào)推進(jìn)醫(yī)療價(jià)格、人事薪酬、藥品流通、醫(yī)保支付改革，提高醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)質(zhì)量，下大力氣解決群眾看病就醫(yī)難題。深入推進(jìn)教育、文化、體育等改革，充分釋放社會(huì)領(lǐng)域巨大發(fā)展?jié)摿Α?br />We should advance institutional social reforms.

We should deepen reform of the old-age pension system, and establish a central system for enterprise employees’ basic old-age pension funds to be used inter-provincially. We should deepen comprehensive public hospital reform and make coordinated moves to reform healthcare pricing, staffing and remuneration, medicine distribution, and health insurance payment models. We should improve the quality of healthcare services and work hard to resolve the difficulties people face in accessing medical care. We should continue reforms in education, culture, and sports, fully unlocking society’s vast potential for development.

健全生態(tài)文明體制。改革完善生態(tài)環(huán)境管理制度，加強(qiáng)自然生態(tài)空間用途管制，推行生態(tài)環(huán)境損害賠償制度，完善生態(tài)補(bǔ)償機(jī)制，以更加有效的制度保護(hù)生態(tài)環(huán)境。
We need to build a more robust system for developing an ecological civilization.

We should reform and improve the system for ecological and environmental regulation, strengthen regulation over the use of natural ecological spaces, roll out a system of compensation for ecological and environmental damage, and improve the compensation mechanisms for ecological conservation, using more effective institutions to achieve ecological and environmental protection.

（四）堅(jiān)決打好三大攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)。要圍繞完成年度攻堅(jiān)任務(wù)，明確各方責(zé)任，強(qiáng)化政策保障，把各項(xiàng)工作做實(shí)做好。
4. Fighting three critical battles

To fulfill our key annual tasks, we need to make everyone involved clear about their responsibilities, strengthen policy implementation, and ensure that every element of work is done to good, solid effect.

推動(dòng)重大風(fēng)險(xiǎn)防范化解取得明顯進(jìn)展。當(dāng)前我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn)總體可控，要標(biāo)本兼治，有效消除風(fēng)險(xiǎn)隱患。嚴(yán)厲打擊非法集資、金融詐騙等違法犯罪活動(dòng)。加快市場(chǎng)化法治化債轉(zhuǎn)股和企業(yè)兼并重組。加強(qiáng)金融機(jī)構(gòu)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)內(nèi)控。強(qiáng)化金融監(jiān)管統(tǒng)籌協(xié)調(diào)，健全對(duì)影子銀行、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融、金融控股公司等監(jiān)管，進(jìn)一步完善金融監(jiān)管、提升監(jiān)管效能。防范化解地方政府債務(wù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。嚴(yán)禁各類違法違規(guī)舉債、擔(dān)保等行為。省級(jí)政府對(duì)本轄區(qū)債務(wù)負(fù)總責(zé)，省級(jí)以下各級(jí)地方政府各負(fù)其責(zé)，積極穩(wěn)妥處置存量債務(wù)。健全規(guī)范的地方政府舉債融資機(jī)制。今年安排地方專項(xiàng)債券1．35萬億元，比去年增加5500億元，優(yōu)先支持在建項(xiàng)目平穩(wěn)建設(shè)，合理擴(kuò)大專項(xiàng)債券使用范圍。我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)基本面好，政策工具多，完全能夠守住不發(fā)生系統(tǒng)性風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的底線。
First, we should strive for notable progress in forestalling and defusing major risks.

At present, China’s economic and financial risks are on the whole manageable. What we need to do is to tackle both symptoms and root causes and take effective measures to defuse potential risks.Tough measures should be taken against unlawful and criminal activities like illegal fundraising and financial fraud. Debt-to-equity swaps and business acquisitions and reorganizations, conducted in a way consistent with market principles and the rule of law, should be accelerated.We need to see that internal risk controls are tightened in financial institutions. We should strengthen coordination in financial regulation, improve regulation over shadow banking, internet finance, and financial holding companies, and further improve financial regulation to make it more effective.We should forestall and defuse local government debt risk. All forms of borrowing and debt underwriting that violate the law and regulations must be strictly prohibited. Provincial-level governments should assume overall responsibility for debts incurred by local governments within their jurisdictions; every level of government below the provincial level should live up to their own responsibilities, and all must take active, prudent steps to deal with outstanding debt. We should improve the standard mechanisms for local governments to secure financing. This year, local government special bonds issued are expected to total 1.35 trillion yuan, an increase of 550 billion yuan year on year, to be used as a matter of priority for financing the smooth implementation of ongoing projects; and the scope of the use of special bonds should be appropriately expanded.The fundamentals of the Chinese economy remain sound, and we have many policy tools at our disposal. We are fully capable of forestalling systemic risks.

加大精準(zhǔn)脫貧力度。今年再減少農(nóng)村貧困人口1000萬以上，完成易地扶貧搬遷280萬人。深入推進(jìn)產(chǎn)業(yè)、教育、健康、生態(tài)和文化等扶貧，補(bǔ)齊基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和公共服務(wù)短板，加強(qiáng)東西部扶貧協(xié)作和對(duì)口支援，注重扶貧同扶志、扶智相結(jié)合，激發(fā)脫貧內(nèi)生動(dòng)力。強(qiáng)化對(duì)深度貧困地區(qū)支持，中央財(cái)政新增扶貧投入及有關(guān)轉(zhuǎn)移支付向深度貧困地區(qū)傾斜。對(duì)老年人、殘疾人、重病患者等特定貧困人口，因戶因人落實(shí)保障措施。攻堅(jiān)期內(nèi)脫貧不脫政策，新產(chǎn)生的貧困人口和返貧人口要及時(shí)納入幫扶。加強(qiáng)扶貧資金整合和績(jī)效管理。開展扶貧領(lǐng)域腐敗和作風(fēng)問題專項(xiàng)治理，改進(jìn)考核監(jiān)督方式。堅(jiān)持現(xiàn)行脫貧標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，確保進(jìn)度和質(zhì)量，讓脫貧得到群眾認(rèn)可、經(jīng)得起歷史檢驗(yàn)。
Second, we should step up targeted poverty alleviation.

This year, the poor rural population should be further reduced by over 10 million, including 2.8 million people to be relocated from inhospitable areas. More should be done to alleviate poverty through the development of local industries, education, healthcare, and culture, and through the development and conservation of local ecological resources. We should shore up weak links in infrastructure and public services, strengthen collaboration on poverty alleviation and paired assistance between the eastern and western regions, and focus particular attention on building people’s confidence in their ability to lift themselves out of poverty and on helping them access the education they need to do so. With all these efforts, we would create self-generated impetus for poverty reduction.We should do more to support areas affected by extreme poverty, and the central budget’s newly enlarged poverty reduction funds and related transfer payments should be weighted toward these areas. We should tailor measures to individuals and individual households to ensure that targeted poor populations, including elderly people, people with disabilities, and people with serious diseases, receive the assistance they need. Poverty relief policies should remain unchanged for those already lifted out of poverty while the battle goes on, and the newly poor and those who slip back into poverty should receive prompt support.Poverty alleviation funds should be better integrated and performance-based management should be strengthened. We need to take targeted measures against corruption and misconduct in poverty alleviation, and improve the methods used in evaluation and oversight. We should continue to apply the current poverty alleviation standards and ensure that poverty reduction progresses as planned and meets all standards, so that poverty alleviation work wins the approval of the people and stands the test of time.

推進(jìn)污染防治取得更大成效。鞏固藍(lán)天保衛(wèi)戰(zhàn)成果，今年二氧化硫、氮氧化物排放量要下降3％，重點(diǎn)地區(qū)細(xì)顆粒物（PM2．5）濃度繼續(xù)下降。推動(dòng)鋼鐵等行業(yè)超低排放改造。提高污染排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，實(shí)行限期達(dá)標(biāo)。大力發(fā)展清潔能源。開展柴油貨車、船舶超標(biāo)排放專項(xiàng)治理，繼續(xù)淘汰老舊車。深入推進(jìn)水、土壤污染防治，今年化學(xué)需氧量、氨氮排放量要下降2％。實(shí)施重點(diǎn)流域和海域綜合治理，全面整治黑臭水體。加大污水處理設(shè)施建設(shè)力度，完善收費(fèi)政策。加強(qiáng)固體廢棄物和垃圾分類處置，嚴(yán)禁“洋垃圾”入境。加強(qiáng)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)保護(hù)和修復(fù)，全面劃定并嚴(yán)守生態(tài)保護(hù)紅線，完成造林1億畝以上，耕地輪作休耕試點(diǎn)面積增加到3000萬畝，加強(qiáng)地下水保護(hù)和修復(fù)，擴(kuò)大濕地保護(hù)和恢復(fù)范圍，深化國(guó)家公園體制改革試點(diǎn)。嚴(yán)控填海造地。嚴(yán)格環(huán)境執(zhí)法和問責(zé)。我們要攜手行動(dòng)，建設(shè)天藍(lán)、地綠、水清的美麗中國(guó)。
Third, we should work to make greater progress in addressing pollution.

Gains made in the fight to defend the blue of our skies should be consolidated. This year, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide emissions should be cut by 3 percent and a continuous decline in PM2.5 density should be achieved in key areas.We should encourage upgrading in the steel and other industries to achieve ultra-low emissions. We should raise standards on the emission of pollutants, and set deadlines for meeting required discharge standards. We should make a big push to develop clean energy. A special program is needed to reduce exhaust emissions by diesel trucks and ships that exceed standards, and work should continue on removing old and high-emission vehicles from roads.We should continue efforts to prevent and control water and soil pollution. This year, chemical oxygen demand and ammonia nitrogen emissions should be cut by 2 percent. Water environments in key river basins and sea areas should be improved through comprehensive measures, and thorough action should be taken to clean up black, malodorous water bodies. We should strengthen the development of sewage treatment facilities, and improve policy on charges for their services. We should strengthen sorting in solid waste and garbage disposal. We should completely prohibit garbage from being brought into China.Efforts should be redoubled to protect and restore ecosystems, and redlines for ecological conservation should be set and observed strictly across the country. This year, more than 6.67 million hectares of land should be afforested, and crop rotation and fallow land trials should be increased to cover 2 million hectares of farmland. Groundwater should be better protected and restored; wetland protection and restoration should be expanded, and pilot reforms for the national parks system should continue. We need to impose strict controls over coastal area reclamation. Environmental laws and regulations must be strictly enforced, and those guilty must be held strictly to account. We all need to join hands and take action to build a Beautiful China where the skies are blue, the lands are green, and the waters are clear.

（五）大力實(shí)施鄉(xiāng)村振興戰(zhàn)略。科學(xué)制定規(guī)劃，健全城鄉(xiāng)融合發(fā)展體制機(jī)制，依靠改革創(chuàng)新壯大鄉(xiāng)村發(fā)展新動(dòng)能。
5. Making strong moves in the rural revitalization strategy

Plans should be well designed and the institutions and mechanisms needed to achieve integrated urban-rural development should be improved. We should rely on reform and innovation to build powerful new growth drivers for rural development.

推進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)供給側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革。促進(jìn)農(nóng)林牧漁業(yè)和種業(yè)創(chuàng)新發(fā)展，加快建設(shè)現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)園和特色農(nóng)產(chǎn)品優(yōu)勢(shì)區(qū)。堅(jiān)持提質(zhì)導(dǎo)向，穩(wěn)定和優(yōu)化糧食生產(chǎn)。加快消化糧食庫存。發(fā)展農(nóng)產(chǎn)品加工業(yè)。新增高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田8000萬畝以上、高效節(jié)水灌溉面積2000萬畝。培育新型經(jīng)營(yíng)主體，提高農(nóng)業(yè)科技水平，推進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化全程全面發(fā)展，加強(qiáng)面向小農(nóng)戶的社會(huì)化服務(wù)。鼓勵(lì)支持返鄉(xiāng)農(nóng)民工、大中專畢業(yè)生、科技人員、退役軍人和工商企業(yè)等從事現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)建設(shè)、發(fā)展農(nóng)村新業(yè)態(tài)新模式。深入推進(jìn)“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)＋農(nóng)業(yè)”，多渠道增加農(nóng)民收入，促進(jìn)農(nóng)村一二三產(chǎn)業(yè)融合發(fā)展。
We should advance supply-side structural reform in agriculture.

We should promote innovative development in the farming, forestry, livestock, fishing, and seed industries, and speed up work on developing modern agriculture industrial parks and areas producing local specialty agricultural products. With a focus on improving quality, we should ensure stable and optimized grain output. We should act faster to reduce excess food stockpiles. We should develop the agricultural products processing industry. The area of high-standard cropland should be increased by at least 5.33 million hectares, and the coverage of efficient water-saving irrigation should be expanded by 1.33 million hectares.We should cultivate new types of agribusiness, improve agricultural technology, encourage whole-process, all-around development in mechanizing agriculture, and improve commercial services catering to small agricultural households. We should encourage and support returnee rural migrant workers, secondary and tertiary specialized school graduates, scientists and technicians, demobilized military personnel, and industrial and commercial businesses to get involved in developing modern agriculture and new forms and models of business in rural areas. We should make further headway with the Internet Plus Agriculture model, use multiple channels to increase rural incomes, and encourage the primary, secondary, and tertiary industries to develop in an integrated way in rural areas.

全面深化農(nóng)村改革。落實(shí)第二輪土地承包到期后再延長(zhǎng)30年的政策。探索宅基地所有權(quán)、資格權(quán)、使用權(quán)分置改革。改進(jìn)耕地占補(bǔ)平衡管理辦法，建立新增耕地指標(biāo)、城鄉(xiāng)建設(shè)用地增減掛鉤節(jié)余指標(biāo)跨省域調(diào)劑機(jī)制，所得收益全部用于脫貧攻堅(jiān)和支持鄉(xiāng)村振興。深化糧食收儲(chǔ)、集體產(chǎn)權(quán)、集體林權(quán)、國(guó)有林區(qū)林場(chǎng)、農(nóng)墾、供銷社等改革，使農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村充滿生機(jī)活力。
We should deepen all rural reforms.

We should implement the policy extending second-round rural land contracts by another 30 years upon expiration. We should experiment with separating the ownership rights, qualification rights, and use rights for rural land designated for housing.We should improve the measures on offsetting cultivated land used for other purposes, and establish a mechanism that allows the surplus quotas produced by linking newly-added cropland quotas with the amount of land used for construction to be adjusted inter-provincially. All profit therefrom should be used to fight poverty and support rural revitalization.We should deepen reforms related to grain purchasing and storage, collective property rights, collective forest tenure, state forestry areas and farms, state farms, and supply and marketing cooperatives, and see that agriculture and rural areas are full of life and dynamism.

推動(dòng)農(nóng)村各項(xiàng)事業(yè)全面發(fā)展。完善農(nóng)村醫(yī)療、教育、文化等公共服務(wù)。改善供水、供電、信息等基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，新建改建農(nóng)村公路20萬公里。穩(wěn)步開展農(nóng)村人居環(huán)境整治三年行動(dòng)，推進(jìn)“廁所革命”和垃圾收集處理。促進(jìn)農(nóng)村移風(fēng)易俗。健全自治、法治、德治相結(jié)合的鄉(xiāng)村治理體系。大力培育鄉(xiāng)村振興人才。我們要堅(jiān)持走中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義鄉(xiāng)村振興道路，加快實(shí)現(xiàn)農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村現(xiàn)代化。
We should promote the full development of all programs in rural areas.

We should improve healthcare, education, cultural, and other public services in rural areas. We should improve the infrastructure for supplying water and power, for information, and so on, and build or upgrade 200,000 kilometers of rural roads. Steady steps should be taken as part of a three-year campaign to improve rural living environments, and progress should be made in the Toilet Revolution and in garbage collection and disposal.We should encourage a shift away from outdated social practices. The rural governance model, based on self-governance, rule of law, and rule of virtue, should be improved. Strong efforts should be made to train personnel serving rural revitalization. We should continue to pursue a Chinese path to socialist rural revitalization, and work faster to achieve agricultural and rural modernization.