自從ChatGPT等生成式人工智能技術(shù)被廣泛應(yīng)用后，人類(lèi)崗位被人工智能取代的討論就不斷升溫。美國(guó)一項(xiàng)新研究分析稱(chēng)，79%的美國(guó)女性勞動(dòng)者從事的職業(yè)極易被自動(dòng)化技術(shù)取代或淘汰，相比之下，只有58%的美國(guó)男性勞動(dòng)者面臨這樣的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

Recent research shows that although outnumbered by men in the US workforce, women could be disproportionately affected by businesses’ adoption of generative AI: One recent analysis estimates that 79% of working women (nearly 59 million) are in occupations susceptible to disruption and automation. That’s compared to 58% of working men, according to research from the University of North Carolina’s Kenan-Flagler Business School.

最近的研究顯示，盡管美國(guó)女性勞動(dòng)人口數(shù)量沒(méi)有男性那么多，但是企業(yè)應(yīng)用生成式人工智能技術(shù)對(duì)女性的影響可能要大得多：美國(guó)北卡羅來(lái)納大學(xué)凱南-弗拉格勒商學(xué)院的新研究分析稱(chēng)，79%的美國(guó)女性勞動(dòng)者（近5900萬(wàn)人）從事的職業(yè)極易受到干擾或被取代或淘汰；相比之下，只有58%的美國(guó)男性勞動(dòng)者面臨這樣的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

A higher percentage of working women are employed in white-collar jobs, whereas for men it’s more of a 50-50 split between white- and blue-collar occupations, said Mark McNeilly, professor of the practice of marketing at the Kenan-Flagler school and lead author of the AI research.

這項(xiàng)人工智能研究的首席作者、凱南-弗拉格勒商學(xué)院營(yíng)銷(xiāo)實(shí)踐學(xué)教授馬克·麥克內(nèi)利表示，從事白領(lǐng)工作的職業(yè)女性比例更高，而從事白領(lǐng)和藍(lán)領(lǐng)工作的男性比例各占一半。

Revelio Labs, which specializes in the collection and analysis of publicly available workforce data, recently identified the most AI-exposed occupations and the gender and ethnicity distributions among them. Revelio’s analysis showed that the AI-exposed positions with the highest percentage of women included bill and account collectors (82.9%), payroll and timekeeping clerks (79.7%), executive secretaries (74.3%), word processors and typists (65.4%) and bookkeeping, accounting and auditing clerks (65%).

專(zhuān)門(mén)收集和分析公開(kāi)的勞動(dòng)力數(shù)據(jù)的Revelio實(shí)驗(yàn)室近日查出了受人工智能威脅最大的職業(yè)以及這些職業(yè)的性別和種族分布情況。Revelio的分析顯示，可能被人工智能取代且女性占比最高的職業(yè)包括催債員（82.9%）、薪酬考勤記錄員（79.7%）、執(zhí)行秘書(shū)（74.3%）、文字處理員和打字員（65.4%）以及簿記、會(huì)計(jì)和審計(jì)文員（65%）。

In the most AI-exposed occupations, women make up 71% of employees, said Ben Zweig, Revelio’s chief executive officer.

Revelio的首席執(zhí)行官本·茨威格指出，在受人工智能威脅最大的職業(yè)中，女性員工占了71%。

Generative artificial intelligence technologies like ChatGPT have the potential to transform the labor market, exposing the majority of the nation’s jobs to automation, Goldman Sachs economists have projected. The technology can create new content — such as text, images, audio, video, and code — from training data that includes examples of that desired output.

高盛集團(tuán)的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家預(yù)測(cè)，ChatGPT等生成式人工智能技術(shù)可能會(huì)改變勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)，讓大多數(shù)職位面臨自動(dòng)化風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。這一技術(shù)可以用包括范例在內(nèi)的訓(xùn)練數(shù)據(jù)生成新內(nèi)容，比如文本、圖像、音頻、視頻和代碼。

Generative AI might not have the capacity now to turn a patient over or insert an IV, but it could prove helpful in poring through billions of pieces of imaging data to diagnose a condition.

生成式人工智能技術(shù)現(xiàn)在也許還不能給病人翻身或打針，但是實(shí)踐已證明它能夠讀取數(shù)十億張影像數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)診斷病情。

"The thing about AI is that it’s not perfect; it’s generating new content from existing content,” she said. “It still needs a human to create some existing content for it to pull from. And whatever it’s generating, it doesn’t mean it’s right — you still need someone to look at it and see if it makes sense.” said Dana Peterson, chief economist at the Conference Board.

世界大型企業(yè)聯(lián)合會(huì)的首席經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家德娜·彼得森稱(chēng)：“人工智能的問(wèn)題在于它不夠完美，它只能根據(jù)現(xiàn)有的內(nèi)容來(lái)生成新內(nèi)容。它仍然需要人類(lèi)來(lái)創(chuàng)造供其參考的內(nèi)容。而且無(wú)論它生成什么內(nèi)容，都不意味著一定準(zhǔn)確，仍然需要有人看一下是否合理?！?/p>

"Yes, it may destroy jobs in the short run, but it also creates new jobs and different opportunities. It helps people to become more productive in their existing jobs,” she said.

“沒(méi)錯(cuò)，短期來(lái)看人工智能可能會(huì)淘汰一些職位，但是它也會(huì)帶來(lái)新職位和新機(jī)會(huì)。它會(huì)幫助人們提高當(dāng)下的工作效率?！?/p>

英文來(lái)源：美國(guó)有線電視新聞網(wǎng)

翻譯&編輯：丹妮