研發(fā)數(shù)字人民幣是不是為了替代美元？如何看待數(shù)字人民幣重點(diǎn)在零售？SWIFT（結(jié)算系統(tǒng)）會(huì)不會(huì)被替代？4月16日，在2022清華五道口全球金融論壇上，中國金融學(xué)會(huì)會(huì)長、中國人民銀行原行長周小川圍繞“關(guān)于數(shù)字貨幣的幾點(diǎn)問題及回應(yīng)”發(fā)表主旨演講，回答了這些市場(chǎng)關(guān)心的問題。

China's e-CNY, also known as the digital yuan, is designed for retail transactions for the convenience of people and merchants, rather than to replace the US dollar, said Zhou Xiaochuan, president of the China Society for Finance and Banking.
中國金融學(xué)會(huì)會(huì)長周小川表示，數(shù)字人民幣是為了零售，為了百姓方便、商戶方便，不是為了替代美元。

"The People's Bank of China stressed that it conducted research and development of the e-CNY as a substitute for cash in circulation, showing that the PBOC expects the use of the e-CNY to be primarily focused on retail payments, especially bringing more convenience to people with the help of internet and mobile internet terminals," said Zhou, who is also former governor of the PBOC, China's central bank, at the 2022 Tsinghua PBCSF Global Finance Forum on Saturday.
4月16日，在2022清華五道口全球金融論壇上，中國金融學(xué)會(huì)會(huì)長、中國人民銀行原行長周小川表示：“中國人民銀行強(qiáng)調(diào)，研發(fā)發(fā)行數(shù)字人民幣，是想把應(yīng)用的重點(diǎn)放在零售環(huán)節(jié)，也就是希望能夠在零售環(huán)節(jié)得到應(yīng)用，特別是借助于互聯(lián)網(wǎng)和移動(dòng)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)終端給大家提供更大的方便?！?/p>

"We don't exclude the possibility that the e-CNY may be used for cross-border payments in the future but I estimate that it will still focus on retail transactions, such as cross-border retail transactions," he said, adding that the digital yuan will not be used as a weapon.
周小川稱：“當(dāng)然不排除數(shù)字人民幣未來可能有跨境支付的前景，但是我估計(jì)也會(huì)注重于零售，跨境零售的應(yīng)用?！彼硎?，數(shù)字人民幣不會(huì)被用作武器。

At the forum, Zhou reiterated world trade patterns should avoid slipping back to what they were during the Cold War era.
在論壇上，周小川重申，國際貿(mào)易格局應(yīng)該避免倒退到冷戰(zhàn)時(shí)期。

"If global financial payment or messaging systems slip into some kind of a Cold War pattern, it will bring damage to everyone," he said.
他說：“如果金融的支付系統(tǒng)或者是支付通訊系統(tǒng)滑入某種冷戰(zhàn)格局，對(duì)大家來說都是會(huì)有損失的?！?/p>

The relevant authorities should take into account that if SWIFT, the world's leading provider of secure financial messaging services, is heavily used as an instrument to impose sanctions, others can definitely find other financial messaging channels to complete trade, he said.
周小川稱，如果大量地把SWIFT（全球領(lǐng)先的安全金融信息通訊平臺(tái)）作為制裁工具，應(yīng)該考慮到別人一定可以找到其他的通訊渠道來繼續(xù)完成貿(mào)易。

However, he acknowledged that SWIFT has advantages in terms of efficiency, market size, security, confidentiality and automated processing, with a large number of financial institutions connected to it.
然而，周小川承認(rèn)，SWIFT在效率、市場(chǎng)規(guī)模、安全性、保密性和信息自動(dòng)化處理方面具有優(yōu)勢(shì)，參與的金融機(jī)構(gòu)數(shù)量非常多。

If another financial messaging channel is created to bypass SWIFT, there will be a transitional period and tons of work to do. During the transitional period, the efficiency of trade will be affected, he said.
他表示，如果避開SWIFT另開一個(gè)渠道，可能要有過渡期，會(huì)影響貿(mào)易效率。

The PBOC announced on April 2 that its e-CNY pilot program will be expanded to another 11 cities, including Tianjin and six cities in Zhejiang province which will host the Asian Games later this year.
中國人民銀行4月2日宣布，將擴(kuò)大數(shù)字人民幣試點(diǎn)范圍，在現(xiàn)有試點(diǎn)地區(qū)基礎(chǔ)上增加天津市、浙江省承辦亞運(yùn)會(huì)的6個(gè)城市等11個(gè)城市作為試點(diǎn)地區(qū)。

By the end of 2021, China's digital yuan transactions reached about 87.57 billion yuan ($13.75 billion), with 261 million personal wallets opened, according to the PBOC.
截止到2021年底，中國數(shù)字人民幣交易達(dá)875.7億人民幣，根據(jù)人民銀行數(shù)據(jù)，已累計(jì)開立個(gè)人數(shù)字人民幣錢包2.61億個(gè)。

Third-party institutions should move toward high standards if they want to participate in the digital currency pilot program, rather than trying to avoid following these standards in a crafty or dishonest way, Zhou said.
周小川表示，第三方機(jī)構(gòu)如果想做數(shù)字貨幣，就要在不同程度上向高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)靠攏，不能耍小聰明。

來源：中國日?qǐng)?bào)
編輯：董靜